Egypt Middle and New Kingdom

Egypt Middle and New Kingdom

Rise of Middle Kingdom

• The wealth and power of the pharaohs declined. Building and maintaining pyramids cost a lot of money. At the same time, ambitious nobles used their government positions to take power from the pharaohs.

      By about 2200 BC, the Old Kingdom had fallen. For the next 160 years, local nobles battled each other for power in Egypt. Chaos within Egypt disrupted trade with foreign lands and 

• Finally, around 2050 BC, a powerful pharaoh named Mentuhotep II defeated his rivals.

• Middle Kingdom, a period of order and stability that lasted until about 1750 BC.

• Toward the end of the Middle Kingdom, however, Egypt again experienced internal disorder

• In the mid-1700s BC, a group from Southwest Asia called the Hyksos (HIK-sohs) invaded. They used horses, chariots, and advanced weapons to conquer Lower Egypt,

Multiple Choice

Middle Kingdom came to end because...

• Pharaoh did not have interest in ruling

• People did not pay tax to government

• Pharaoh could not hold order and Hyksos invaded them

• Natural disorder and famine started

Multiple Choice

Hyksos got victory over Egyptian because....

• They attack Egypt all of sudden

• They had iron and bronze weapons supported by chariots

• Egyptian people were in disorder

• Sailed around Egyptian land through ships and boats

The New Kingdom

• In the mid-1500s BC, Ahmose (AHM-ohs) of Thebes drove the Hyksos out of Egypt

• Conquest and trade made them richer

• They had threat of invaders, so conquered the land which was possible

• Conquered the land of Hyksos, Syria, eastern Mediterranean and Kush ( South of Egypt)

Women Ruler

• One ruler who worked to increase Egyptian trade was Queen

  Hatshepsut

• Hatshepsut and later pharaohs used the wealth that they earned from trade to support the arts and architecture

• Many impressive monuments and temples built during her reign-Magnificent temple built for her near the city of Thebes (THEEBZ).

• 
  

-Daughter of Thutmose I and Aahmes

-Married to the pharaoh Thutmose II, her half-brother

-Regent of Thutmose III - step son

-Dressed like male to give convince the people that she could do the job of male, courageous feel and boldness

-Expanded the trade- Africa, Asia, Mediterranean region- Furniture, woods

Open Ended

Why did Hatsheput dress like male?

Fill in the Blanks

One of the major achievement Hatsheput did was

• . In the 1200s BC the pharaoh Ramses (RAM-seez) II, or Ramses

  the Great, came to power

• fought the Hittites, a group from Asia Minor

• Ramses and the Hittite leader eventually signed a peace treaty. Afterwards, the Egyptians and the Hittites became allies.

• Ramses the Great died, Hittites took the power

Poll

Ruler Akhenaton made religious change in Egypt. What do you think about this Ideas?

• This is the best reform

• This is not a best idea