UNIT 2.2 CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT

UNIT 2.2 CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT

THE CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT

KNOWN AS PROCESSOR

JUST AS WE HAVE OUR BRAIN COMPUTERS HAVE PROCESSOR.

Analogy

• comparison of human and computer

• brain

• input

• output

• operating system

Functions of CPU

• process instructions of the software ( for example in loading a program)

• handle control signals coming for example coming from input and output devices

• carry out arithmetic and logical operations

• to store data

Two parts of CPU

• Arithmetic and logic unit (ALU)

• Control unit (CU)

• 
  

• 
  

CPU

• CPU is a chip

• made up of transistors

• transistors are like switches

• the transistor turns on and off to store binary values

Fill in the Blank

If the transistor is off the binary value ...................... is stored

How Computers

Represent Data

•Binary numbers

oOnly 0s and 1s

•Bit

oSmallest piece of data a computer can work with

oEither “on” or “off,” a 0 or a 1

oEight bits—byte—a single unit of storage

Fill in the Blank

More bits a computer can process faster the ............................

What is the formula to calculate speed ?

How can we measure computer's speed?

SPEED

no of instructions/ second

measured in Hertz

Ghz or Mhz.

Video on inside the computer unit.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HB4I2CgkcCo

Inside the System Unit

Motherboard

CPU

Power supply

Cooling fan

Expansion slots

RAM

BIOS/ ROM

hard drive

I/O ports

clock chip

CD/DVD Drive