Nomenclature of Alkanes

Nomenclature of Alkanes

Terminology

• Alkanes - Алканы

• Chain - Цепь

• Substituent - Заместитель

• Bond - Связь

• Order - Порядок

Rule 1

Determine the chain with the longest continuous number of carbon atoms.

Rule 2

Number the carbon atoms in the

longest chain, starting at the end

closest to the branching.

Rule 3

If there is more than one identical

substituent the number of

substituent is indicated by using

prefixes –di, –tri, –tetra and so on.

Rule 4

When two or more different

substituents are bonded to the

carbon chain, they are ordered

alphabetically.

Groups

• Cl - chloro

• Br - bromo

• CH3 - methyl

• C2H5 - ethyl

• NO2 - nitro

2-chloro-2-methylpropane

2-bromo-3,3-dimethylhexane

1-chloro-3-methyl-2-nitrobutane

4-ethyl-2,6,7,7-tetramethyloctane

2-bromo-2,4-dimethylpentane