2.3 Media Formatting

2.3 & 2.4 Media Formatting & Media Careers

Sample

The part of a sound wave that is captured, measured, and assigned a numeric value during digital sound recording.

Bit Depth

The amount of memory used to store the numeric value of a sound sample during digital sound recording.

Sampling Rate

The number of individual samples taken each second during digital sound recording. Measured in Hertz, the higher the sampling rate, the better the recording. Most modern sound recordings are made at 44.1 kHz.

Frame Rate

The number of images, or frames, that are taken each second during digital video recording. Most digital videos have a frame rate of about 30 frames per second.

Resolution

The number of pixels in the width and height of each frame in a digital video recording. The higher the resolution, the clearer the image will be.

Color Depth

The amount of memory the computer uses to display colors in a digital image or a digital video. 8-bit color images use one byte of data for each pixel. 24-bit color uses three bytes for each pixel.

File Compression

reducing file size making them easier to store

12 Pixel Image of German Flag

Resolution of 4x3 pixels

Run-Length Encoding

A common lossless compression algorithm. Instead of storing each individual bit of a file, it stores how many of each bit appears in a sequence.

Lossless Compression

A compression algorithm that doesn't affect the original data. In other words, the uncompressed file will be exactly the same as the file before compression, bit for bit

Lossy Compression

A compression algorithm that slightly alters the data to make it easier to store. Lossy compression takes advantage of the limitations of human sight and hearing, and is usually used for images, videos, and audio files.

RGB Display

Computer monitors are made up of tiny red, green, and blue lights. This is called an RGB display. Red, green, and blue are the three primary colors of light, and they can be combined to make all the colors of the visible spectrum. Each set of three lights is called a pixel.

Raster Images

Raster (or bitmap) images are the most common kind of digital image. Computers store raster images by remembering the color of each pixel.

Vector Images

The other kind of digital image are vector graphics. If you’ve ever seen a 3D computer-animated movie or video game, then you’ve seen vector graphics at work. Fonts are also vectors. Instead of storing each individual pixel, the computer stores points and curves.

Graphic Designer

Graphic designers are creative individuals who design images and illustrations for a wide variety of purposes, including ads, logos, emails, marketing material, websites, social media, and mobile apps. They have refined skills in integrating color, typography, images, and layout. Many designers are also skilled in front-end coding, photography, and the ability to use various design software such as Adobe Photoshop, InDesign, and Illustrator.

Video Production Specialist

Video production specialists are instrumental in the success of many companies today. They create instructional videos, marketing material, commercials, and much more. It's important that video production specialists have the expertise to recommend effective media communication practices and explain video design principles to clients and employers. Many video production specialists receive a bachelor's degree in telecommunication or video production.

Digital Audio Producer

Digital audio producers specialize in recording and editing high-quality audio for videos, podcasts, and many other purposes. They have extensive knowledge of setting up audio recording and editing equipment in a variety of different scenarios. For example, recording audio in a studio requires different tools than recording audio outdoors. Since there's a lot of overlap with video production, most audio producers have those skills as well.

Digital Audio Producer

Digital audio producers specialize in recording and editing high-quality audio for videos, podcasts, and many other purposes. They have extensive knowledge of setting up audio recording and editing equipment in a variety of different scenarios. For example, recording audio in a studio requires different tools than recording audio outdoors. Since there's a lot of overlap with video production, most audio producers have those skills as well.

Multiple Choice

How many possible values would an 8-bit audio sample have?

• 256,000

• 16

• 256

• 65,000

Multiple Choice

Which of the following makes videos appear smother and more fluid?

• Higher resolution

• Lower resolution

• Higher frame rate

• Lower frame rate

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a lossless compression algorithm?

• MP4

• Run-length encoding

• PNG

• Compression artifact

Multiple Choice

What are the pixels that are the exact same between multiple frames called?

• Temporal redundancy

• Run-length encoding

• Compression artifact

• Lossless compression

Multiple Choice

Digital sound recordings capture sound waves and divide them into distinct segments. Each segment is assigned a value. What is the value called?

• Bit depth

• Sampling rate

• Resolution

• Sample height

Multiple Choice

A typical computer monitor is which type of display?

• Vector

• Raster

• White

• RGB

Multiple Choice

Which type of digital picture can be scaled to any size without losing quality?

• High-res

• Transparent

• Vector

• Raster