Chapter 6 Section 2 Lecture 🎧

Chapter 6 Section 2 Lecture

The Enlightenment in Europe

Multiple Choice

Hobbes said, the ruler needed total __________ to keep citizens under control

• empathy

• power

• compassion

• respect

Multiple Choice

Type of government preferred by Thomas Hobbes

• Direct Democracy

• Oligarchy

• Absolute Monarchy

• Communist

Multiple Choice

John Locke believed the purpose of government was to:

• Protect the wealthy

• Feed the poor

• Protect the monarchy

• Protect natural rights

Multiple Choice

What major event deeply influenced Thomas Hobbes' thinking?

• The English Civil War

• The American Revolution

• The Glorious Revolution

• The French Revolution

Multiple Choice

What theory stated that kings were appointed by God and should be obeyed?

• Natural Law Theory

• Social Contract Theory

• Divine Right of Kings

• Utilitarianism

Multiple Choice

What did Hobbes believe would happen in a 'state of nature' without central authority?

• Technological advancement

• Nasty, brutish, and short lives

• Economic prosperity

• Peace and harmony

Multiple Choice

In general, the philosophes believed in which of the following?

• expanding women's rights

• all Church decrees

• progress for society

• authoritarian rule

Multiple Choice

What was Montesquieu's influence on the U.S. Constitution?

• public elections

• branches of government

• the Bill of Rights

• representatives

Multiple Choice

The idea of a direct democracy is explained in

• The Red Book of Westmarch

• The Social Contract

• Leviathan

• There and Back Again

Multiple Choice

Who is the author of the phrase 'One must cultivate one’s own garden'?

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

• Voltaire

• Blaise Pascal

• René Descartes

Multiple Choice

What does Voltaire suggest we should focus on to achieve peace of mind?

• Global issues

• International affairs

• Our own small plots

• National politics

Multiple Choice

What is the main message of Voltaire's gardening advice?

• To focus on small, personal projects

• To change the world

• To engage deeply in politics

• To seek fame and fortune

Multiple Choice

According to Rousseau, what was the 'state of nature' characterized by?

• Complex social structures

• Moral degeneracy

• Spontaneous pity and empathy

• Technological advancements

Multiple Choice

What was Rousseau's key idea in 'Émile, or On Education'?

• Children should be taught strict discipline

• Children are naturally good

• Children should be isolated from society

• Children are born wicked

Multiple Choice

What movement is Rousseau considered a founding figure of?

• 
  The Scientific Revolution

• The Industrial Revolution

• The Romantic Movement

• 
  The Enlightenment

Multiple Choice

Of the many assumptions the philosophes challenged, which view did they NOT challenge?

• the Church

• the Nobility

• the role of women in society

• the role of slaves in society

Multiple Choice

Mary Wollstonecraft in A Vindication of the Rights of Woman argued:

• women are born slaves

• absolute sovereignty was necessary for men in the home

• women needed to be educated

• the patriarchy was at the center of every wrong in society

Multiple Choice

What was the main mission of the school Mary and her friends opened?

• To train domestic workers

• To promote female empowerment

• To provide free education

• To teach boys

Multiple Choice

What was Mary Wollstonecraft's most famous work?

• The French Revolution

• A Vindication of the Rights of Women

• Thoughts on the Education of Daughters

• Frankenstein

Multiple Choice

What did Mary argue in 'A Vindication of the Rights of Women'?

• Women should be domestic tyrants

• Women should not work

• Women should have the same educational opportunities as men

• Women should stay at home

Multiple Choice

The word secular means?

• rebirth

• not having to do with religion

• separated

• combining