PS03-3 Classifying Matter

Classifying Matter (Hendley)

Physical Science

Matter can be classified into two big categories:

• Pure substances -- have a distinct composition that is always the same

• Mixtures -- a physical blend of two or more substances with properties that vary from one mixture to the next.

• Pure substances are sometimes referred to as "homogeneous" too, but they are NOT mixtures.

Elements

• Made up of only one type of element

• Easy to figure out because there's a chart of them! (The Periodic Table!)

• Represented by a 1 or 2 letter symbol where first letter is always capitalized.

• Elements cannot be broken down any further, neither by physical nor chemical means.

Compounds

• Made up of 2 or more elements in a definite ratio

• Always the same everywhere.

• TIP: If you can write a formula for it that includes more than one element, it's probably a compound!

• Compounds can be separated by chemical means only.

• Examples: Salt (NaCl), Sugar (C12H22O11), Baking Soda (NaHCO3)

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Multiple Select

Which of the following is a pure substance? (Check all that apply)

• Elements

• Compounds

• Homogeneous Mixtures

• Heterogeneous Mixtures

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is made up of only one type of atom?

• Element

• Compound

• Homogeneous Mix.

• Heterogeneous Mix.

Fill in the Blanks

Elements are made up of how many types of atoms?

Multiple Choice

Classify Helium

• Element

• Compound

• Homogeneous Mix.

• Heterogeneous Mix.

Multiple Choice

Classify Carbon dioxide

• Element

• Compound

• Homogeneous Mix.

• Heterogeneous Mix.

Multiple Choice

Classify ammonia

 $NH_3$  

• Element

• Compound

• Homogeneous Mix.

• Heterogeneous Mix.

Multiple Choice

Classify Calcium chloride.

• Element

• Compound

• Homogeneous Mix.

• Heterogeneous Mix.

Multiple Choice

Classify mercury.

• Element

• Compound

• Homogeneous Mix.

• Heterogeneous Mix.

Mixtures

• Mixtures vary in composition from one sample to another.

• Think of Sweet Tea or Soda. If you buy it at different times or different places, it might taste a little different due to different amounts of sugar.

• Mixtures are physical blends of two or more compounds.

• Mixtures can be separated by physical means.

Homogeneous Mixtures

• Consist of one phase throughout

• Also called "solutions"

• Can be solid (12K gold), liquid (salt water) or gaseous (air)

• Not separated by filtration or upon standing

Heterogeneous Mixtures

• Consist of more than one phase

• Can be further divided into colloids (do not settle) and suspensions (settle on standing)

• Can be solid (sand), liquid (orange juice) or gaseous (fog sort of)

• TIP: "Hetero-" means 'different'

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Multiple Select

Which of the following are classified as mixtures?

• Elements

• Compounds

• Homogeneous

• Heterogeneous

Multiple Choice

Which of the following has only one phase throughout?

• Element

• Compound

• Homogeneous Mix.

• Heterogeneous Mix.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is also known as a solution?

• Element

• Compound

• Homogeneous Mix.

• Heterogeneous Mix.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following has two or more distinctive components?

• Element

• Compound

• Homogeneous Mix.

• Heterogeneous Mix.

Multiple Select

Which of the following two are the same thing?

• solution

• compound

• homogeneous mixture

• heterogeneous mixture

Multiple Choice

Classify potting soil

• Element

• Compound

• Homogeneous Mix.

• Heterogeneous Mix.

Got the idea?

Let's Classify Some Matter!

Multiple Choice

Classify sweet tea

• Element

• Compound

• Homogeneous Mix.

• Heterogeneous Mix.

Multiple Choice

Classify gold

• Element

• Compound

• Homogeneous Mix.

• Heterogeneous Mix.

Multiple Choice

Classify 70% rubbing alcohol

• Element

• Compound

• Homogeneous Mix.

• Heterogeneous Mix.

Multiple Choice

Classify salt (NaCl)

• Element

• Compound

• Homogeneous Mix.

• Heterogeneous Mix.

Multiple Choice

Classify nitrogen dioxide

 $NO_2$  

• Element

• Compound

• Homogeneous Mix.

• Heterogeneous Mix.