States of Matter and Energy

States of Matter and Energy

There are three basic states of matter

• Solid

• Liquid

• Gas

Multiple Select

The three basic states of matter

• Solid

• Quagmire

• Liquid

• Gas

• Chemical

Solid Matter

Described as having a definite volume and a definite shape. Solids do not take the shape of the container they are in.

Solid Matter

At the atomic level atoms of solid matter cannot overcome the attraction between atom so there are stuck in their place through they do still vibrate.

Liquid Matter

Has a definite volume but not definite shape. While liquids take the shape of whatever container their in their volume should stay relatively constant

Liquid Matter

At the atomic level atoms have enough energy to move past each other allowing for it to take the shape of its container. While they are able to move past each other they do not have enough energy to overcome all of the attraction between the atoms so they stay close together.

Matter As A Gas

Gas has not definite volume and no definte shape. Gas will expand and contract to fill the entire volume of its container.

Matter As A Gas

At the atomic level atoms have enough energy to overcome the attractions between atoms. This allows gas to take up the entire volume of its container. It also decreases the density of the matter allowing it to float.

Gas Pressure

Gas pressure is the force an atom or molecule applies to the walls of the container. The more gas you put into a container the more atoms or molecules there are. The more collision that happen with the wall of the container the higher the pressure.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following describes a liquid?

• Definite volume and definite shape

• Definite volume but no definite shape

• No definite volume and no definite shape

Multiple Choice

Which of the following describes a gas?

• Definite volume and definite shape

• Definite volume but no definite shape

• No definite volume and no definite shape

Multiple Choice

Which of the following describes a solid?

• Definite volume and definite shape

• Definite volume but no definite shape

• No definite volume and no definite shape

Multiple Choice

At the atomic level why do solids have a definite volume and definite shape?

• At the atomic level atoms of solid matter cannot overcome the attraction between atom so there are stuck in their place through they do still vibrate.

• At the atomic level atoms have enough energy to move past each other . While they are able to move past each other they do not have enough energy to overcome all of the attraction between the atoms so they stay close together.

• At the atomic level atoms have enough energy to overcome the attractions between atoms.

Multiple Choice

At the atomic level why do liquids take the shape of their container?

• At the atomic level atoms of solid matter cannot overcome the attraction between atom so there are stuck in their place through they do still vibrate.

• At the atomic level atoms have enough energy to move past each other . While they are able to move past each other they do not have enough energy to overcome all of the attraction between the atoms so they stay close together.

• At the atomic level atoms have enough energy to overcome the attractions between atoms.

Multiple Choice

At the atomic level why do gases fill their entire container?

• At the atomic level atoms of solid matter cannot overcome the attraction between atom so there are stuck in their place through they do still vibrate.

• At the atomic level atoms have enough energy to move past each other . While they are able to move past each other they do not have enough energy to overcome all of the attraction between the atoms so they stay close together.

• At the atomic level atoms have enough energy to overcome the attractions between atoms.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following describes a liquid?

• Definite volume and definite shape

• Definite volume but no definite shape

• No definite volume and no definite shape

Energy

What must be transferred to an object in order to perform work on, or to heat, the object.

States of Matter and Heat Energy

In order for matter to change state energy (usually in the form of heat) has to be moved into or out of the system of matter.

If there is a change in state energy is involved

No matter what the change is energy is either being added or removed.

Heat Energy

Heat energy always flows from high heat to low heat, or in other words energy flows from hot to cold but not the other way.

Common terms used to describe the type of change in state

Multiple Choice

What cause the ice cubes to melt?

• Heat transferred from the air to the glass, from the glass to the water, and then from the water to the ice cubes

• Cold transferred from the ice cubes to the water, from the water to the glass, and from the glass to the air around it

There are energies other then heat that can cause a change in state.

• Chemical Energy

• Electical Energy

Chemical Energy

Through a chemical reaction between vinegar and baking soda you get the formation of Carbon Dioxide. That is all of the gas and bubbles you see. Example of a liquid to a gas without applying heat energy.

Electrical Energy

Applying a high voltage of current to a gas such as neon will cause it to change state from gas to plasma. In that processes the gas gives off light.

Recap

• There three basic state of matter(Solid, Liquid, Gas)

• If there is a change in state that is because there is a change in energy

• Heat energy, Chemical energy, and Electrical energy are three types of energy that can cause a change in state.

Multiple Select

The three basic states of matter

• Solid

• Mush

• Liquid

• Gas

• stretchy

Multiple Choice

Heat energy transfers from

• Hot -------> Cold

• Hot <--------- Cold