Oceans

Multiple Choice

It refers to the amount of salt in water.

• mud flats

• waves

• temperature

• salinity

Multiple Choice

Estuaries are a(n) _______ enclosed body of water.

• fully

• partially

• underground

• optional

Multiple Choice

When salt and fresh water mix, what is the new water substance called?

• Brackish Acid
• Fresh Water
• Salt Water
• Brackish Water

Multiple Choice

Why is it important that plants like cattails and mangroves live only in the region of the estuary that is brackish water and stays partly flooded during the day?

• they have adaptations for living in freshwater and saltwater and need the waters to flood their roots each day.

• because if they lived close to the ocean, the turtles would eat them all

• because the water is too cold farther up by the river

Multiple Choice

Why does it matter how much salt is in the water for organisms?

• the wrong amount of salt causes organisms to become ill or die

• they don't like the way it tastes

• salt makes it easier to swim

Multiple Choice

Estuaries are not only habitats for animals but they can provide this for people:

• Recreational area

• Food source

• Educational and learning environment

• All of these

Multiple Choice

Estuaries act like a ______ to help absorb flood water and storm surges.

• forest

• sandy beach

• river

• barrier

Multiple Select

Click all the statements that are TRUE about the estuary

• It is not a safe place for young animals

• Tides flood the estuary once a day and fresh water mixes with salt water

• An estuary connects fresh water river to the salty sea

• The estuary needs to be protected

Multiple Select

Urban areas have undergone rapid change, and put their estuaries at environmental risk through...

• land reclamation

• shoreline conservation

• pollution

• overfishing

Oceans

Where do we go after leaving Estuaries?

OCEANS

• What is an Ocean?

• How is the Water in the Ocean different from water on Land?

• How does temperature and salinity affect Ocean waters?

• What are the different types of gases that are found in Ocean Water?

• What is the importance of the different gases found in the Ocean?

​Objectives

Open Ended

State one difference between the water in the ocean and that on land

How would you define the word Ocean?

Oceans are huge bodies of salted water that covers approximately 70% of the Earth’s surface 

Multiple Choice

How many Oceans do we have ?

• 2

• 4

• 5

• 6

Multiple Choice

Which Ocean is the smallest?

• Atlantic

• Pacific

• Indian

• Southern

• Arctic

Multiple Choice

Which Ocean is the largest ?

• Pacific

• Atlantic

• Indian

• Arctic

• Southern Ocean

Earth's Ocean

There are 5 Oceans

• Pacific : Largest and deepest

• Atlantic

• Southern

• Indian

• Arctic : Smallest and shallowest

Multiple Choice

How many Oceans do we have ?

• 2

• 4

• 5

• 6

Multiple Choice

Which Ocean is the smallest?

• Atlantic

• Pacific

• Indian

• Southern

• Arctic

Multiple Choice

Which Ocean is the largest ?

• Pacific

• Atlantic

• Indian

• Arctic

• Southern Ocean

• What differences are there between the water on land and the water in the ocean?

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• What impact do you believe these differences have on how the oceans behaves ( characteristics)?

• Water on land is fresh while that in the ocean is salted 

  ​

• Depth of water in the ocean is greater than water on land

  ​

• The amount of different gases in Ocean water is greater

Differences Affect .....

• The movement of water

  ​

• Temperature and Pressure

  ​

• Life in the Ocean

Multiple Choice

What term is given to water when it contains salt ?

• Brackish

• Salinity

• Salty

• Fresh

Salinity

• The term salinity describes how much salt is in Water

• Ocean salinity is usually about 3.5 % or 35 parts per thousand

• In other words for every 1 kg of ocean water there is 35g of salt

• Sodium and Chloride are  the main salts making up 86% of dissolved salts 

• Magnesium ,calcium ,Potassium and sulfate are also present in Ocean water

Multiple Choice

What is the most abundant salt in the ocean?

• sodium

• sodium chloride (NaCl)

• calcium chloride (CaCl2)

• chlorine

Multiple Choice

What percent of Ocean water is salt ?

• 97%

• 3%

• 35%

• 3.5%

Multiple Choice

What is the average salinity of the ocean?

• 3%

• 3.5%

• 4%

• 4.5%

Open Ended

What do you believe makes the Ocean Water Salty ?

Origin of Oceans Salt

• Surface water washes over rocks containing salts such as sodium chloride

• Dissolved chemicals eroded from Earth’s crust

• Underwater volcanoes add salt to the water during eruptions

Multiple Select

Where does the salt come from? Choose TWO

• Kroger

• volcanic eruptions

• lamps

• dissolved rock

Do you believe the level of Salinity is the same in all of Earth's Ocean ? Why or why not ?

​

Salinity is lower

• Near the Mouth of rivers

• Why do you believe Salinity is lower near the mouths of River?

• In areas where there is an abundance of rainfall

Salinity is Higher

• In warmer waters near the Equator

  ​

• Also at the Poles

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​

• Why do you believe this is case?​

​

• At the poles when water freezes salt is left behind

  ​

• This will cause the salinity of the water to increase

• In warmer areas there is greater evaporation

• This removes some water making it more concentrated

Multiple Select

Select two reasons as to why salinity can DECREASE

• Evaporation because water is changing into water vapor leaving salt behind.

• Freshwater is added to ocean at the mouths of large rivers as they empty freshwater into oceans.

• Freshwater is added by rain, snow, and melting ice.

• Surface water freezes into ice, leaving salt behind.

Multiple Select

Select two reasons as to why salinity can INCREASE

• Evaporation because water is changing into water vapor leaving salt behind.

• Freshwater is added to ocean at the mouths of large rivers as they empty freshwater into oceans.

• Freshwater is added by rain, snow, and melting ice.

• Surface water freezes into ice, leaving salt behind.

How does Salinity affects Ocean Water ?

​How does Salinity Affects Ocean Water?

• Salinity makes water in the Ocean more dense . Fresh water water has a density of 1 g/cm3. Ocean water density is between 1.02 and 1.03 g/cm³

• Buoyancy will be greater, things will therefore float easier

Multiple Choice

What does the word buoyancy mean?

• the ability to sink

• the ability to float

• density

• salinity

Multiple Choice

What happens to the density of water as its salinity increases?

• its density increases

• its density decreases

• its density remains the same, but the temperature increases

• its density remains the same, but the temperature decreases

Multiple Choice

If an object has a density of 2 g/cm3 it _________________ in salt water

• float

• sink

• hang in the middle

​How does Salinity Affects Ocean Water?

• ​

  • ​Temperature at which water freezes is lowered. Water freezes at 32 degree F

  • Salt serves as an antifreeze

  • Unless water drops to 28.58 degree C F in comparison it will not freeze

  • Leads to the development of current

  ​

​How does Salinity Affects Ocean Water?

• The pH of water will change from 7 to about 8.5

• What is the pH of Freshwater?​

Multiple Choice

The salinity of an ocean will increase when a freshwater source flows into it.

• True

• False

Multiple Select

How does salt affect ocean water?

• lowers freezing point

• raises freezing point

• increase density giving ocean water a greater buoyancy

• decreasing density giving ocean water a lower buoyancy

Multiple Choice

Which process increases the salinity of ocean water?

• the Coriolis effect

• convection currents

• evaporation

• continental deflection

Multiple Choice

Which of the following areas in the ocean is likely to have the lowest salinity?

• a warm, tropical sea

• the cold Arctic Ocean

• a bay at the mouth of a big river

• deep parts of the Pacific Ocean

How does Ocean temperature differs from different places ?

Ocean Temperature 

• The surface will be warmer but the deeper you go the lower the temperature

• Places near the equator will have higher surface temperature 

• Places farther from equator will have lower surface temperature

Multiple Choice

Does temperature increase or decrease as you go deeper into the ocean?

• decrease

• increase

Multiple Choice

The temperature of ocean water is higher closer to the surface.

• True

• False

Gases in the Ocean

• Oxygen needed for respiration

• Most of Earth's Oxygen is produced in Ocean by Algae and Phyto planktons

• Carbon Dioxide which is needed for Photosynthesis and building of Corals also exoskeleton of some organisms

Multiple Select

Which TWO gases are found in the ocean?

• Carbon monoxide

• Carbon dioxide

• hydrogen

• oxygen

Multiple Choice

Salinity is a measure of which of the following in water?

• carbon dioxide

• oxygen

• dissolved salts

• sand

Multiple Choice

As you descend through the water column,

• temperature decreases

• pressure decreases

• light increases

• density decreases

Multiple Choice

As ocean depth increases

• temperature decreases

• temperature remains constant

• light increases

• light remains constant