Acute kidney injury

Acute kidney injury

How to approach?

Vittawin Sawangduan, MD

Renal Unit

Department of Internal Medicine

Lampang Hosptial

Outline

• Definition and staging

• Approach to AKI

• Diagnostic tools

• Causes and differential diagnosis

Acute Kidney Injury 

• Acute kidney injury (AKI) results in the abrupt loss of kidney function, leading to the retention of waste products (urea, creatinine, other uremic toxin), electrolyte disturbances, and volume status changes

• Broad spectrum of diseases and a variety of underlying pathologies

• Differentiation of the causes and elimination of the reversible factors are always required !!

Multiple Choice

Which one is the cause of acute kidney injury in this patient whose urine sediments are shown in this picture?

• Acute glomerulonephritis

• Acute tubular necrosis

• Acute interstitial nephritis

• Pre-renal AKI

Multiple Choice

Which drug is not a cause of hyperkalemia?

• Losartan

• B-blcoker

• Heparin

• Metformin

Multiple Choice

Which strategy is the most effective management to prevent contrast-induced acute kidney injury?

• Hyperosmolar contrast agent

• Isotonic solution

• Hemodialysis after contrast administration

• N-acetylcysteine