CMCO ICT LESSON 1 (SEM 1) 28/7/2021

CMCO ICT LESSON 1 (SEM 1) 28/7/2021

Data, information and knowledge

What is Data?

Data is,

Raw facts related to things, people, place or event, which are in unprocessed form and have no/little meaning.

Data

Data exists in the following forms:

Nature of data

Data can be:

1. Collected and stored
2. Retrieved from a storage medium
3. Communicated
4. Processed

Classification of data

Quantitative data

Non Quantitative data

What is process?

Process is the procedure of transforming data into information.

Types of process

What is information?

Information is,

A set of data which is processed in meaningful way according to the given requirement/situation.

Data vs Information

WHY data & information?

In Conclusion:

What is Knowledge?

When someone memorises information this is often referred to as ‘rote-learning’ or ‘learning by heart’. We can then say that they have acquired some knowledge.

Knowledge can therefore be:

• acquiring and remembering a set of facts, or

• the use of information to solve problems. 

Types of knowledge (explicit knowledge)

The first type is often called explicit knowledge. This is knowledge that can be easily passed on to others. Most forms of explicit knowledge can be stored in certain media.

Types of knowledge (tacit knowledge)

The second type is called tacit knowledge. It is the kind of knowledge that is difficult to pass on to another person just by writing it down.

For example, saying that Paris is the capital of France is explicit knowledge that can be written down, passed on, and understood by someone else.

However, the ability to speak a foreign language, bake bread, program a computer or use complicated machinery requires additional pieces of knowledge (such as that gained through experience) that are not always known explicitly and are difficult to pass on to other users.

How are data, information and knowledge linked?

If we put knowledge into an equation, it will be like this:

Information + application or use = knowledge

Open Ended

1.

Explain two difference between data and information. [2 marks]

Open Ended

2.

Describe how data becomes knowledge. [3 marks]

Open Ended

3.

5, 10, 15, 20 are items of data.

Explain how these could become information and what knowledge could be gained from them. [4 marks]

Mind Map

Create a mind map of this lesson. Make sure to do it creatively as possible. Snap an image of it and post it to me as an evidence. TQ