SW Asia History: Land/Religion Conflicts

SW Asia History: Land/Religion Conflicts

7th Grade Social Studies

Opening:

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-Essential Question

-Learning Target

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Standard:

SS7H2--ANALYZE continuity and change in SW Asia (c) DESCRIBE how land and religion plays a role in continuing conflicts in SW Asia

(i.e. the Palestinian-Israeli conflict, the division between Sunni and Shia Muslims, and Kurdish nationalism)

Essential Question:

How have land and religion created conflict in the Middle East?

Learning Target:

By the completion of this topic, students should be able to DESCRIBE the role of land and religion in the Palestinian-Israeli conflict, the division between Sunni and Shia Muslims, and Kurdish nationalism

Vocabulary:

--Palestinian-Israeli Conflict

--Sunni Muslims

--Shi'a Muslims

--Kurds

--Nationalism

Let's Review...

Multiple Select

What are two things that are the reason for conflict in SW Asia?

• cheezburgers

• land

• pizza

• religion

Multiple Select

What large territory was partitioned as a result of being on the losing side in World War I?

• the European Empire

• the African Empire

• the Ottoman Empire

• religion

Multiple Select

Which two European countries were responsible for drawing new borders for SW Asia?

• Germany

• Britain

• France

• religion

Multiple Select

Which Arab countries were consulted in partitioning the Ottoman territory?

• Saudi Arabia

• Iraq

• Iran

• None of them

Multiple Select

France and Great Britain weren’t thinking about ethnic or religious difference when they created the borders.

What were they interested in?

• water

• food

• oil

• pizza

Work Session: Palestinian-Israeli Conflict

--In May 1948, the United Nations announced the new country of Israel as a Jewish homeland.

--War began shortly between the Israeli Jews and Palestinian Arabs who lived in the area that is now Israel.

Work Session: Palestinian-Israeli Conflict

--The neighboring countries of Jordan and Lebanon supported the Arabs’ claim to the land.

--However, the Israelis won the war, gaining more land than they were promised from the United Nations.

--Many Palestinian Arabs became refugees (people who left their homes as a result of war).

Work Session: Palestinian-Israeli Conflict

--There have been other wars over the past sixty years.

--Even though tensions still exist, both sides are looking to find a peaceful resolution.

--Arab countries still support the Palestinians, and the United States still supports the Israelis.

Multiple Choice

What is the role of land in the Palestinian-Israeli conflict?

• Palestinians are angry about their loss of land to Israel.

• Israelis are angry about their loss of land to Palestine.

• Land is not a reason that the Palestinians and Israelis are fighting.

Multiple Choice

What is the role of religion in the Palestinian-Israeli conflict?

• Religion is not a reason that the Palestinians and Israelis are fighting.

• The groups disagree about who should have control over the church.

• Both groups claim that God gave the land of Israel to their people.

Work Session: Sunni/Shia Division

--Another source of conflict is between Sunni and Shia Muslims.

--When Muhammad died, there was a disagreement about who should be the leader

--This was solved by placing power in the hands of the Four Rightly Guided Caliphs, but when the last of these men died, the disagreement came up again.

Work Session: Sunni/Shia Division

--One group thought that the leadership should go to whoever would be best at keeping the community together (Sunni Muslims), while the other group believed leadership should go to Muhammad’s heir (Shia Muslims).

--These divisions still exist, though their basic religious beliefs are largely the same.

Work Session: Sunni/Shia Division

--The Sunni Muslims make up the majority of Muslims at 85%, and the Shia have always been a minority, though they make up a large portion of countries like Iran, Lebanon, and Iraq.

--This has led to tensions between countries in the region.

Multiple Choice

What is the role of land in the Sunni/Shia Division?

• The Sunni and Shiite Muslims fight over who should be in control of the countries they live in.

• The Sunni and Shiite Muslims do not fight over who should be in control of the countries they live in.

Multiple Choice

What is the role of religion in the Sunni/Shia Division?

• The Sunni and Shiite Muslims do not fight over who should be in control of the religion of Islam.

• The Sunni and Shiite Muslims fight over who should be in control of the religion of Islam.

Work Session: Kurdish Nationalism

--After WWI, there was a treaty that included the creation of Kurdistan, but it was replaced and the Kurds were left without a homeland.

--The Kurds were divided among Turkey, Iraq, and Iran and nationalist movements have spread among the Kurds in each of these countries.

Work Session: Kurdish Nationalism

--In Turkey, the government tried to force the Kurds to abandon their language and identity.

--The Kurds created the Kurdistan Worker’s Party, or PKK, to fight for Kurdish independence, leading to some armed conflicts.

--Turkey finally allowed the Kurdish language to be taught in 2002, but tensions still exist today.

Work Session: Kurdish Nationalism

--The Kurds experienced similar treatment in Iran, with the mainly-Sunni Kurds conflicting with the mainly-Shia Iranians.

--The Kurds created a nationalistic political party, but their conflicts with the Iranian government were never as bad as Turkish conflicts.

Work Session: Kurdish Nationalism

--When they resisted the government for allowing Arab Iraqis to live in Kurdish areas, chemical weapons were used against them.

--The United States helped secure a northern part of Iraq for the Kurds, where they are safe from chemical weapons and they control this area like it’s their own country.

Multiple Choice

What is the role of land in Kurdish Nationalism?

• The Kurdish people want to be an equal part of the countries they live in.

• The Kurdish people do not have any problems about land.

• The Kurdish people want their own country (land).

Multiple Choice

What is the role of religion in Kurdish Nationalism?

• The Kurdish people are mostly Sunni Muslims, but that is not really why they are fighting.

• The Kurdish people are mostly Shia Muslims, but that is not really why they are fighting.

Assignment: Complete the graphic organizer about today's lesson.

Questions?

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Open Ended

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