Science 4 Final Review 1

Science 4 Final Review 1

Lessons 3.5 and 3.6

Nocturnal animals

Animals that are active during the night and sleep during the day.

Diurnal animals

Animals that are awake during the day and sleep when it's dark outside. 

Why are small animals nocturnal?

If they didn't remain hidden for most of the day, they might be caught and eaten by a predator. Some animals have a better chance of surviving if they are active under the cover of night. 

Why have some predators become nocturnal?

 Owls feed on small animals, like mice. By adapting their sleeping habits, owls can hunt nocturnal creatures.

Is that the only reason animals are nocturnal?

Many desert animals are active at night for a very different reason. During the day, the sun is scorching hot. Temperatures are often above 100°F. Animals burrow under a rock or into the sand where it's cooler and wait until the sun sets to come out. 

How can animals find their way in the dark?

Nocturnal animals tend to have excellent hearing and a sharp sense of smell. Their eyes are also well suited for seeing at night. Many tiny rods in the backs of their eyes collect more light. 

Do all nocturnal animals have good night vision?

Not all nocturnal animals have good night vision. Bats rely on echolocation, not sight, to find insects in the dark. 

How does echolocation work?

Bats send out very highpitched sounds, most too high for the human ear to hear. When the sound hits an object, like a mosquito, it bounces back. The bat can tell where the insect is, how big it is, and whether it's moving. 

Multiple Choice

What are nocturnal animals?

• Animals whose names start with the letter N.

• Animals that have good night vision.

• Animals that are active at night.

• Animals that are active during the day.

Multiple Choice

What are diurnal animals?

• Animals whose names start with the letter D.

• Animals that have good day vision.

• Animals that are active at night.

• Animals that are active during the day.

Multiple Select

Which of these are NOCTURNAL animals? (choose 2)

• scorpion

• raccoon

• kangaroo

• gorilla

Multiple Select

How can nocturnal animals find their way in the dark? (choose 2)

• They usually have good vision and smell.

• Some animals use echolocation.

• They just walk around until they find a good place to sleep.

• They don't find any way.

Multiple Select

Why are some animals nocturnal? (choose 3)

• Because the use the darkness to hide away from predators.

• Because the animals they eat are also nocturnal.

• Because they live in the desert, where it's too hot during daytime.

• Because they don't have eyes.

• Because they are too sensitive to the light.

Mangrove swamps

Mangrove swamps are distinctive ecosystems located in warm parts of the world. They are found in sheltered coastal areas, like bays and lagoons. Mangroves swamps are muddy and filled with salty water.

What makes Mangrove trees suited for life in the swamps?

Mangroves have large root systems that look like stilts or long fingers. Because most of the tree's roots are so far above ground, the body of the tree doesn't get covered in salt water at high tide. A thick tangle of roots also lie below the soil and help anchor the tree in place. 

How do Mangrove roots protect the land?

The roots of the mangroves act as a filter. They keep sediment from the land from flowing into the ocean. They also protect the land. They keep it from eroding too quickly. During large storms, mangrove swamps can keep land near the water from flooding. They also filter out pollution. 

Why are Mangrove swamps important?

The swamps are a perfect home for many species-from tiny bacteria to huge manatees. The gnarly roots of the mangroves provide protection for small creatures. They even act as a sort of nursery for some types of marine wildlife. The young grow up under the shelter of the mangrove trees before they head out to the more dangerous seas. 

Which animals live in Mangrove swamps?

The moist, muddy mangroves are home to at least two dozen species of reptiles and amphibians. Some of the saltwater crocodiles that live there measure more than 20 feet in length. More than 200 species of fish also live in the swamps. Water birds, like storks and egrets, get plenty of tasty meals there. They have no trouble finding fish, frogs, and insects to eat. Even mammals, like raccoons, otters, bats, bears, minks, and deer, live in and around mangrove swamps. 

Multiple Select

What are some characteristics of Mangrove swamps? (choose 2)

• They located in warm parts of the world.

• They located in cold parts of the world.

• They are muddy and filled with salty water.

• They have claer and fresh water.

Multiple Select

What makes Mangrove trees suited for life in the swamps? (choose 2)

• A thick tangle of roots lie below the soil and help anchor the tree in place.

• Mangrove trees don't have roots.

• The trees' roots are so far above ground, the body of the trees don't get covered in salt water at high tide

• The trees are under the salt water.

Multiple Select

How do Mangrove roots protect the land? (choose 3)

• They act as a filter and keep pollution from the land.

• They prevent the land from being flooded during storms.

• They keep land from eroding too quickly.

• They separate the land from the water.

• They push the land into the ocean.

Multiple Choice

Why are Mangrove swamps important?

• Because they provide shelter and home to many different animals.

• Because no animals live there.

• Because they have big roots that are underwater.