CA Review

Science CA Review

States of Matter, Energy, and Forces

Let's review matter...

Do you know what air, water, and an apple all have in common? They are all examples of matter. Matter is a word we use a lot in science. It means “stuff." All of the stuff in the world that has mass and takes up space is called matter.

What are the properties of matter?

• Mass

• Volume

• Temperature

• Color

• Texture

• Magnetic

Open Ended

Describe the apple using as many physical properties as possible

Open Ended

Describe the key using as many physical properties as possible.

Let's review the states of matter....

Matter can come in three states: solid, liquid, or gas

What are the three states of matter?

• Solid: the molecules are packed tightly together. A solid has a defined size and volume

• Liquid: the molecules are held together loosely which allows it to take the shape of its container. Liquid does not have a definite shape but it does have a definite volume

• Gas: the molecules are free to move about the entire space they are in. Gas does not have a definite shape or volume

Open Ended

Give an example of each state of matter. Make sure to label your answer with the name of the state (ie. solid: apple)

Let's review mixtures...

When two or more particles are combined and do not form a new material they are called a mixture. The connections between the particles are not difficult to undo. This is true even when the mixture looks very different from the particles combined to make it. 

Let's review solutions....

In a solution, the parts are mixed all the way down to the smallest particles. These particles are much too small to see, but they are still there. They haven't changed. Compared to the other kind of mixture, the parts in a solution are much more evenly and randomly mixed.

What are some ways we can separate a mixture?

• Tweezers

• Sieve

• Shovel

• Coffee filter

• Magnets

• Evaporation

Multiple Choice

Mixture or Solution?

• Mixture

• Solution

Multiple Choice

How could you separate the beads?

• Sieve

• Tweezers

• Funnel

• Evaporation

Multiple Choice

Mixture or Solution?

• Mixture

• Solution

Multiple Choice

How could you separate the Koolaid?

• Sieve

• Tweezers

• Coffee filter

• Evaporation

Open Ended

Name another example of a mixture and solution. Remember to label your answers (ie. mixture: different shapes of beads)

Let's review energy...

Energy is the ability to do work. It is the power to cause change. 

What are the forms of energy?

• Mechanical Energy: Anything that moves is using mechanical energy. 

• Thermal energy: Heat is a form of energy that causes these particles to move faster. 

• Light energy: Light gives us the ability to see. The sun, fire, and lightning are all creators of light energy. Light can travel through empty space

• Sound Energy: Wave lengths created when various objects vibrate. Sound needs something to carry the waves such as air or liquid

• Electrical Energy: When charged particles flow along a path, they form a circuit as electrical energy. Another term for electrical energy is electricity

Multiple Choice

Which type of energy is being used?

• Sound

• Mechanical

• Thermal

• Electrical

Multiple Choice

Which type of energy is being used?

• Thermal

• Mechanical

• Sound

• Electrical

Multiple Choice

Which type of energy is being used?

• Thermal

• Mechanical

• Sound

• Electrical

Multiple Choice

Which type of energy is being used?

• Thermal

• Mechanical

• Sound

• Electrical

Open Ended

Name an object that uses all 5 types of energy

​Thermal Conductors

​Energy passes through some materials easily. These materials are called conductors. Great examples of thermal conductors are:

​-Copper

​-Aluminum

​-Steel

​-Glass

​-Gold

​Thermal Insulators

​Most other materials do not allow heat energy to pass through them easily. These are known as insulators. Great thermal insulators are:

​-Fabric

​-Wood

​-Plastic

​-Rubber

​Heat Transfer

Heat can transfer from one object to another in one of three ways:

Conduction: ​transfer of energy through direct contact

​Convection: transfer of energy through the movement of fluids (liquid or air)

​Radiation: transfer of energy through light radiation without particles

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a thermal conductor? 

• an aluminum nail

• a rubber band

• a copper penny

• a steel fork

Open Ended

A student placed 4 materials on a hot plate to find which one was the best insulator. After 15 minutes, this is the data he had collected. Which material is the best insulator and why?  

Let's review circuits...

For electricity to be useful, it must always travel in a complete, unbroken circle. That circle is called an electrical circuit. A circuit has several basic parts. It has a source of electrical power and something that uses electrical power. It also has at least 2 wires to connect the source to the device. Most circuits also include a switch. 

What are the parts of a circuit?

• Power source: this can be a battery or a plug into a wall outlet

• Two wires: Must be made out of a material that conducts electricity (metals)

• Switch: Allows the electrical flow to stop to turn the device on or off

• Device that uses electrical power: Turns on when the circuit is connected

Electric Insulators

Insulators do not allow heat to pass through easily. Many good insulators are filled with little pockets of air. A layer of insulation always covers the copper wires that conduct electricity. This insulating layer is usually made of plastic, but it may also be made of rubber or cloth. These coverings keep electrical energy from moving where it shouldn't when it flows to other conductors. Insulation also makes electrical cords safe to touch. Wood, glass, plastic, and rubber are all good electrical insulators. 

Electrical Conductors

Conductors allow energy to move through them easily. Solids usually conduct heat better than liquids and gases. This is because the particles in solids are closer together. The best conductors are metals: silver, copper, gold, and aluminum make up the best electrical conductors.

Multiple Choice

The illustration shows a circuit with a battery, bulb, and open switch all connected with wires. What can be done to complete the circuit?

• Close the switch

• unscrew the light bulb

• cut the wires

• reverse the battery

Multiple Choice

Conductors allow thermal and electrical energy to pass through easily. Insulators prevent the flow of electrical or thermal energy. Which object is a good insulator but a poor conductor?  

• silver

• wood

• tin

• copper

Multiple Choice

Students built an incomplete circuit. Which of the following objects could be placed in the space between the wires to complete the circuit and make the bulb light?

• Wooden craft stick

• Plastic bottle cap

• Iron paper clip

• Rubber pencil eraser

Open Ended

Give an example of a conductor and list what it is made out of

Open Ended

Give an example of an insulator and list what it is made out of

Poll

How prepared do you feel for the Science CA

• I'm going to do great!

• I could use some more practice

• I need help

Poll

Which concept do you need to review more?

• Matter

• Mixtures and Solutions

• Forms of Energy

• Circuits