Module 3 Notes 3-5 Review

Module 3 Notes 3-5 Review

Spread of Islam, Rise of the Ottoman Empire, and Muslim Achievements

What are the origins and central features of Islam?

Who, What, Where, Why?

Origins of Islam

Islam originated in the Arabian Peninsula in the 600s. Muhammad was the first person to preach Islam after he was visited by the angel Gabriel.

Central Features of Islam

• Key Person: Muhammad, the final prophet.

• Sacred Texts: Sunnah and the Qu'ran

• Key Beliefs: Five Pillars, monotheism

• There is only one god, who Muslim people call Allah.

Multiple Select

Which of the following is NOT one of the Five Pillars of Islam?

• Faith

• Pilgrimmage

• Charity

• Loyalty

• Fasting

Multiple Choice

Where did Muhammad and his followers flee after being persecuted in Mecca?

• Damascus

• Baghdad

• Qatar

• Medina

• Jerusalem

Multiple Choice

What is the name of the Islamic law code that Muslims live by?

• Sunni Law

• Sharia Law

• Muhammad's Rule

How did Islam and the Arabic language spread?

How did this change after the death of Muhammad?

The Spread of Islam

• Muslims used conquest and conversion to further spread their ideas

• Ruled by caliphs that expanded their caliphates

• Muhammad did not leave behind guidance on who should be his successor

• Trade

Multiple Choice

By 750 AD, Islam had spread to which of the following places?

• Persia

• France

• Spain

• Greece

• Italy

Multiple Choice

Which caliphate made Baghdad their capital and enjoyed a cultural golden age in the 900s?

• Abassid

• Umayyad

• Muhammad

• Shia

Multiple Select

Which of the following cities were considered model Islamic cities by being so large, wealthy, and advanced? Select TWO.

• Syria

• Baghdad

• Cordoba

• Medina

Who was Mehmed II? Who was Suleiman the Magnificent?

What were their roles in Islamic history?

Mehmed II aka Mehmed the Conqueror

He was sultan of the Ottoman Empire for 30 years beginning in 1451. During his rule, the Ottoman Empire expanded into Anatolia and the Balkans. Mehmed conquered the city of Constantinople in 1453; this made him the most famous and powerful sultan in the Muslim world at the time. He renamed the city Istanbul, rebuilt the Hagia Sophia as a mosque, and established 8 colleges.

Suleiman I aka Suleiman the Magnificent

Suleiman became sultan in 1520 at the age of 26. He organized Ottoman law and had many military successes that expanded the empire. His rule is also marked by incredible artistry and architecture. All of this is what gave him the name Suleiman the Magnificent.

Multiple Choice

How long did the Ottoman Empire last?

• Over 2000 years

• Over 600 years

• Less than 50 years

• 487 years

Multiple Choice

Which group settled in Asia Minor (modern day Turkey) in the 1200s?

• Samurai

• Bedouins

• Mongols

• Ottoman Turks

Multiple Select

What played a role in the growth of the Ottoman Empire? Select three.

• The Ottoman Empire had access to cannons.

• The Ottoman sultans were ruthless and cruel.

• The government of the Ottoman empire was centralized.

• The Ottoman empire was united by Islam

• The empire did not grow because it was ended by a Jedi rebellion.

What achievements and historical contributions were made in the Islamic world?

How was trade impacted?

Trade Routes

• Trade expanded through the Islamic world because of its central location between Europe, Asia, and Africa

• Important cities were set up along trade routes as Muslims made their pilgrimmages to Mecca

• Trade made cities grow larger and more wealthy!!!

Muslim Achievements

• Math

• Science (Astronomy and Medicine)

• Medicine

• Art

• Literature

• Architecture

• Geography and mapping

Multiple Select

Which of the following are Muslim contributions to history? Select FOUR.

• Algebra

• Medical schools

• Improved the astrolabe

• Arabian Nights

• Paper making

Multiple Choice

What is the most famous work of Islamic architecture?

• Taj Mahal

• Pisa

• Kaaba

• Sphynx

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements best describes non religious Islamic art?

• Colorful patterns of geometric shapes

• Verses written in delicate calligraphy

• Portraits of important sultans

• Stylish paintings of animals

Multiple Choice

Muslim physicians were the first to discovered which of the following?

• That your brain is full of water

• Your DNA is unique

• That blood flows to and from the heart

• That hair and fingernails grow at the same rate