revision of unit 3 grade12

revision of unit 3 and 2 grade12

head injuries

• any physical injury to the scalp, skull or brain

• Closed head injuries are those in which the skull is not broken. 

• Open head injuries mean an object has broken the skull. 

Emergency medical care for head and spinal injuries 

• If the person is bleeding 

  
  

• Stop bleeding by pressing a clean dressing on the wound.

  
  

• skull fracture : Do not apply pressure to a head wound if there is a suspected skull fracture

Multiple Choice

A casualty has a suspected skull fracture and is bleeding heavily from their head. You must apply pressure to their head wound to try and stop the bleeding.

• True

• False

Multiple Select

Which of the following are signs and symptoms of Open and closed head injuries? Choose three.

• Unconsciousness, Unresponsive

• Itchy or blocked nose

• Memory loss (amnesia)

• Blood or clear fluid coming from the ears or nose

• Stomach pain

Emergency medical care for head and spinal injuries 

• If the person is bleeding 

  
  

• Stop bleeding by pressing a clean dressing on the wound.

  
  

• skull fracture : Do not apply pressure to a head wound if there is a suspected skull fracture

stroke

• A stroke happens when there is a lack of oxygen getting to the brain. 

• a blockage of blood flow

• a burst artery that carries blood to the brain.

Multiple Choice

What does S stand for in ‘FAST’ when recognising signs of stroke?

• STOP, it’s time to call emergency services

• Speech difficulty

• Sore arm and weakness

• Supply of oxygen

Hypoglycaemia

• is when the sugar in the blood (glucose) becomes too low

Multiple Choice

What is the first action that you have to for person with hypoglycaemia ?

• Apply a cold compress

• Remove casualty from the electrical source

• Give the person a sweet(sugary) drink.

Poisoning 

• is anything that someone swallows, breathes in, gets into the eyes or gets on the skin that can cause sickness or death.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following may cause poisoning?

• Make-up or nail polish

• Carbon monoxide

• Bleach

• all of the above

Burns

• Burns and scalds are damage to the skin usually caused by heat. 

• Burns can be very painful and may cause:

  •red or peeling skin.

  •blisters.

  •swelling.

First aid for burns 

• 1.Stop the burning process as as soon as possible .

  2.Remove any clothing jewellery.

  3.Cool the burn with cool running water.

  4.Keep the injured person warm.

  5.Sit up as much as possible if the face or eyes are burnt. 

• 
  

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is the correct first aid for burns?

• Remove any clothing that is stuck to burnt skin

• Immediately burst any blisters that have formed

• Place ice directly on the burn

• Put the burned area under cool running water for 10 minutes

The central and peripheral nervous systems

The central nervous system:

It is made up of the brain and spinal cord. It is found in the centre of the body

The peripheral nervous system

These nerves are far away from the centre of the body and are found in the arms and legs. 

Multiple Select

the nervous system made up of ?

• central

• peripheral

• acute

• chronic

Multiple Select

Which of the following are signs and symptoms of epilepsy? Choose three.

• Hunger

• have shaking in their arms and leg.

• feel dizzy.

• become unresponsive or unconscious.

Multiple Choice

Who does Parkinson’s disease affect?

• Children

• People over the age of 60

• young

• Baby’s

The circulatory system 

• Blood is pumped through the body by the heart and the blood vessels . This blood carries nutrients and oxygen to all parts of the body.

Multiple Select

from the following which are the main parts of the circulatory system? choose three

• heart

• arteries

• stomach

• veins

Hypertension

• It means that the blood pressure in the arteries is higher than it should be.

• Treatment:

  ✓ Lifestyle changes: healthy weight, exercise regularly, diet with less salt & low fat

  ✓ Medications to lower blood pressure

  ✓ Checking blood pressure regularly 

Multiple Select

Which of the following can cause hypertension? Select three

• Being overweight

• Eat healthy food

• Too much salt in diet

• Not enough exercise

Atherosclerosis

• Atherosclerosis happens when a fatty substance called plaque builds up in the body’s arteries and eventually blocks blood flow. 

• If the blockage in the heart: (heart attack) 

• If the blockage in the brain: (stroke )

Multiple Choice

Atherosclerosis affects which system of the body?

• Digestive system

• immune system

• circulatory or cardiovascular system

• digestive system

Multiple Choice

COPD as a respiratory disease stands for:

• cardio obstruction and pulmon disease

• chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

• crohn's open pulmonary disease

• chronic operative disorder