HMH Science Unit 2.1 Matter

HMH Science Unit 2.1

What is Matter?

Open Ended

You see many different people running around having a good time. These people are made of matter. The matter within them is made of particles too small to be seen.

What kinds of matter do you see in the photo above?

What Matters about Matter

• Where do you find things made of matter? If you can:

• Taste

• Smell

• Touch

• Then it's matter!

What Matters about Matter

• Anything that takes up space is matter

• In can come in different foms and can behave in many different ways. Even a breeze is matter, because air takes up space (think of air in a tire).

• Some things aren't matter, like heat and light.

• 
  

• 
  

Open Ended

Why are heat and light not matter?

Multiple Choice

Are feelings matter?

• Yes

• No

Multiple Choice

Is food matter?

• Yes

• No

Multiple Choice

Is time matter?

• Yes

• No

Multiple Choice

A candle

• Matter

• Not matter

Multiple Choice

Air inside of a bubble

• Matter

• Not matter

Multiple Choice

A candle's heat

• Matter

• Not matter

Multiple Choice

A moving ocean wave

• Matter

• Not matter

Multiple Choice

Light from a lamp

• Matter

• Not matter

Multiple Choice

Ashes from a camp fire

• Matter

• Not matter

Open Ended

What is one property of matter you can think of?

What makes up Matter?

• Matter takes up space. But what is it made of? You can break down an object into smaller parts. At first, you can see the broken pieces.

• Eventually, you would need to use a tool such as a microscope to see the smaller parts. At that stage, the parts can still get smaller, all the way down to their basic particles, the smallest part of matter that exist.

What Makes up Matter?

• You cannot see particles, but they make up all matter.

• The sun, whales, the air, apple juice, and the ink and paper of a book are all forms of matter made of particles.

Open Ended

What kind of matter do you see in this picture?

Let's explore the particles of the charcoal inside this grill

The individual briquette is made of particles that are stuck together

If the briquette is broken, you can see both large and small parts that make up the whole. Notice how even the smallest particles all look the same. This is because they are made form the same type of matter, called carbon

The piece of charcoal is a form of matter

• By zooming in, you can see that the properties of the whole are the same as the properties of the charcoal smaller pieces, from the dust to the particles of carbon.

Measuring Matter

When someone asks you how far you live from school, you probably reply with an answer in miles. In science, however, we use metric units such as kilometers, meters, and centimeters to measure lenght. How did we get from feet and miles to meters and kilometers?

As you can see, the units of measure for length have changed significantly over time, and we no longer need to argue whose feet are the right size to measure distances.

Wait for Weight

• Another property of matter you have already investigated is weight. Weight is related to a property called mass. They are so similar, people treat them as the same property.

Wait for Weight

• Suppose you are measuring how light or heavy an object is. The tools you use to do this are a balance or scale. While most Americans measure weight in pounds, the metric system uses grams. The same prefixes we use for length we use here

• Meter is to gram as kilometer is to kilogram.

Multiple Choice

A _____ is used to measure weight.

• balance

• metric ruler

• graduated cylinder

Multiple Choice

Weight can be measured in ______.

• meters

• grams

• liters

Multiple Choice

The advantage of the metric system is that measurements can be easily _____ into other units.

• changed

• converted

Measure Volume

• Another property of matter that can be measured is volume.

• This is the amount of space the matter takes up in a given location.

• All matter has volume, but sometimes it can be difficult to measure

Measure Volume

• If it a regular shaped object, like the picture, we have math formulas to help us solve the volume.

• We labeled volume as the unit used, cubed.

• For example, centimeters cubed

Measuring Volume

• For objects that are cubed or a rectangular prism, you use the formula length x width x height

• This is written as l x w x h

• 
  

Measure Volume

• If the object does not have an easy shape to measure, you'll need to use water displacement.

• The volume of an object is equal to the volume of the water is moves, or displaces.

• If you fill up a container with a known amount of water and measure the water, then add your object and measure it again, you subtract the two numbers to find the volume of the object.