Unit 4 Review - Nervous System

Unit 4 Review - Nervous System

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Multiple Choice

What is the network of nerve cells and fibers that transmits nerve impulses between parts of the body?

• nervous system

• endocrine system

• circulatory system

• respiratory system

Multiple Select

The two divisions of the nervous system are the ____________ and _____________.

• peripheral nervous system

• central nervous system

• autonomic nervous system

• sympathetic nervous system

Multiple Choice

Which one is responsible for the transmission of signals from sensory receptors to the central nervous system (CNS)?

• sensory neurons

• interneurons

• ganglia

• motor neurons

Multiple Choice

What performs the analysis and interpretation of sensory signals and formation of an appropriate responses?

• sensory neurons

• interneurons

• ganglia

• motor neurons

Multiple Choice

Which one transmits signals from the CNS to effector cells?

• sensory neurons

• interneurons

• ganglia

• motor neurons

Multiple Choice

Nervous system effector cells ___________________________.

• are white cells found in the circulatory system.

• consist of sensory cells.

• include muscle cells and gland cells.

• provide automatic responses to stimuli.

Multiple Choice

Put the sequence in order from stimulus to response:

• stimulus→receptor→motor neuron→interneuron→sensory neuron→effector muscle→response

• stimulus→receptor→sensory neuron→motor neuron→interneuron→effector muscle→response

• stimulus→receptor→sensory neuron→interneuron→motor neuron→effector muscle→response

Multiple Choice

The functional unit of the nervous system is the _____________.

• cell body

• neuron.

• axon.

• synapse.

Multiple Choice

What part of a neuron (#1) carries signals toward the part of the cell that houses the nucleus?

• axon

• dendrites

• myelin sheath

• synapse

Multiple Choice

What is #2?

• axon

• cell body

• dendrites

• axon terminal

Multiple Choice

What is #3?

• axon

• cell body

• dendrites

• axon terminal

Multiple Choice

What is #4?

• axon

• node of Ranvier

• dendrites

• axon terminal

Multiple Choice

What is #5?

• axon

• node of Ranvier

• dendrites

• axon terminal

Multiple Choice

The speed of impulse conduction along an axon may be increased by (#7)?

• a myelin sheath

• a graded potential.

• neurotransmitters.

• EPSPs.

Multiple Choice

Action potentials normally travel along an axon ________________.

• toward the cell body.

• away from the cell body.

• either towards or away from the cell body

• away from the synapse.

Multiple Choice

The gap between the transmitting and receiving neurons in a chemical synapse (X) is known as the __________________.

• synaptic node.

• synaptic gap.

• synaptic gap.

• synaptic cleft.

Multiple Choice

What is Y? They are buds at the end of the axon from which chemical messages (neurotransmitters) are sent?

• axon

• dendrites

• axon terminal

• synaptic cleft

Multiple Choice

What is contained in Z? It is a chemical substance that acts as a mediator for the transmission of nerve impulses from one axon to another through a synapse?

• action potential

• neurotransmitter

• axon terminal

• synaptic cleft

Multiple Choice

During the resting potential, the concentration of Na⁺ ions is _________________________.

• higher outside than inside the cell.

• equal on the outside and inside of the cell.

• lower outside than inside the cell.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements about resting potential is true?

• A resting membrane allows much more sodium than potassium to diffuse across.

• The concentration of sodium is much higher inside the cell than outside.

• The resting potential exists because of differences in glucose concentration inside and outside the cell.

• The sodium-potassium pump contributes to the resting membrane potential.

Multiple Choice

Once an action potential is triggered, there is a _____________________.

• reversal of the membrane polarity, with the interior of the cell becoming positively charged.

• reversal of the membrane polarity, with the interior of the cell becoming negatively charged.

• sudden rush of potassium into the neuron.

• sudden impermeability of the membrane to the transport of ions.

Multiple Choice

What stage of the action potential is this (3)? Voltage gated potassium channels open and K+ ions rush into cell. In addition sodium channels close?

• resting potential

• depolarization

• repolarization

• hyperpolarization

Multiple Choice

What stage of the action potential is this (4)? Voltage gated potassium channels remain open and the voltage becomes lower than the resting potential voltage?

• resting potential

• depolarization

• repolarization

• hyperpolarization

Multiple Choice

Neurotransmitters that open Na⁺ channels and trigger action potentials in receiving cells are called

• inhibitory.

• cross-linked.

• excitatory.

• obligatory.

Multiple Choice

What is a kind of synaptic potential that makes a postsynaptic neuron less likely to generate an action potential?

• inhibitory.

• cross-linked.

• excitatory.

• obligatory.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following results from stimulation by the sympathetic nervous system?

• release of glucose from the liver

• decreased heart rate

• stimulation of the digestive organs

• constriction of the bronchi

Multiple Choice

Which of the following results from stimulation by the parasympathetic nervous system?

• increased heart rate

• inhibition of the digestive organs

• inhibition of urination

• stimulation of saliva secretion

Multiple Choice

When you are very nervous, perhaps before you must speak in front of your college class, you notice

that your mouth is dry and your heart is racing. This is most likely due to stimulation by the

• enteric division of your autonomic nervous system.

• sympathetic division of your autonomic nervous system.

• parasympathetic division of your autonomic nervous system.

• motor division of your parasympathetic nervous system.

Multiple Choice

What is the part of the peripheral nervous system that acts as a control system functioning largely below the level of consciousness, and controls function. It is responsible for control of involuntary or visceral bodily function: cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, urinary and reproductive systems?

• autonomic nervous system

• sympathetic nervous system

• somatic nervous system

• motor nervous system

Multiple Choice

Which of the following brain regions controls the secretion of pituitary hormones and exerts direct control over many other aspects of homeostasis?

• thalamus

• hypothalamus

• hippocampus

• cerebellum

Multiple Choice

What part of the brain sorts incoming information, such as touch signals from your hand, into categories before relaying it to the cerebral cortex?

• thalamus

• hypothalamus

• hippocampus

• pons

Multiple Choice

Our biological clock, which regulates the sleep-wake cycle, is housed within the

• thalamus

• hypothalamus

• brain stem

• pons

Multiple Choice

You start to fall but then catch yourself, regaining your balance. Which of the following brain regions is responsible for the rapid coordination of muscle activity that kept you from falling?

• motor cortex

• thalamus

• cerebellum

• pons

Multiple Choice

A physician friend of yours is telling you about a patient with a head injury who suddenly stopped breathing. Your friend explains that the bony rim was pressing against the breathing center. You guess

that the "bony rim" (whatever that is) must have been exerting pressure in the region of the

• basal ganglia and hippocampus.

• cerebellum and cerebrum.

• thalamus and hypothalamus.

• medulla oblongata and pons.