File 9A Clauses of Contrast & Purpose Review

Clauses of Contrast & Purpose Review

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Use although, though, even though + a clause.

Although and even though can be used at the beginning or in the middle of a sentence.

Although the ad said it would last for years, mine broke after two months.

Open Ended

I was late but my boss wasn't angry/ ALTHOUGH

Use in spite of or despite to express a contrast.

SITUATION: they didn’t study BUT they passed

1- NOUN= In spite of/ Despite their lack of study, they passed

2- ING FORM= In spite of/ Despite  not studying, they passed (ING)

3- THE FACT THAT= In spite of/ Despite the fact that they didn’t study, they passed (the fact that)

NEVER= In spite of/Despite they didn’t study, they passed

Open Ended

they don't do any marketing, but their products sell well DESPITE

Open Ended

he’s the managing director but he goes to work by bike/ IN SPITE OF

Use to, in order to, so as to, for, and so that to express purpose.

After to, in order to, and so as to, use a base form.

I went to the bank to talk to my bank manager.

I went to the bank in order to talk to my bank manager.

I went to the bank so as to talk to my bank manager.

Open Ended

I have to leave work by six o’ clock so that I don’t miss my train/ IN ORDER TO

After so that, use a subject + modal verb (can, could, will & would)

I went to the bank so that I could talk to the manager in person.

I went to the bank so that I would talk to the manager in person.

I'm going to the bank so that I will talk to the manager in person.

I'm going to the bank so that I can talk to the manager in person.

Open Ended

They reduced their prices so as to sell more products/ SO THAT