10.1-Cell Growth, Division, Reproduction

10.1-Cell Growth, Division, Reproduction

GQ: Why do cells divide?

Limits to Cell Size

• Two main reasons why cells divide rather than continue to grow: information overload and exchanging materials.

• Information Overload: cells store critical information in a molecule of DNA. Cell size grows but not DNA does not. Thus, DNA is unable to serve the needs of growing cell.

• Exchanging Material: food, oxygen, and water enter through cell membrane. Waste products exit the same way. Rate of exchange depends on the surface area of the cell (length x width x number of sides), which is the total area of its cell membrane. The rate that food and oxygen is used and waste produced depends on cell's volume (length x width x height).

• Ratio of Surface Area to Volume: surface area does not increase as fast as the volume increases.

Limits to Cell Size (continued)

• A cell that continues to grow will have difficulty getting sufficient material in and waste out.

• Before a cell grows too big, it divides, forming two "daughter cells" by a process called cell division (cell divides into two).

• Before cell division occur, the cell replicates all of its DNA. Each daughter cell will gets one complete copy of genetic information.

• Cell division reduces cell volume, resulting in an increase in the ratio of surface area to volume for each daughter cell, which allows for efficient exchange of materials within a cell.

Multiple Choice

What is Cell Division?

• Where the cell divides

• Where the cell dies and splits

• Where the cell splits to two daughter cells

• Where the cell splits to two mother cells

Multiple Choice

Why should our cells divide?

• The larger a cell becomes more demands are on the DNA

• the larger the cell is the more space it takes up

• I don’t know I guess it wants to?

Multiple Choice

As a cell becomes larger, its

• volume increases faster than its surface area.

• surface area increases faster than its volume.

• volume increases, but its surface area stays the same.

• surface area stays the same, but its volume increases.

Multiple Choice

The process by which a cell divides into two daughter cells is called

• cell division

• metaphase

• interphase

• mitosis

Multiple Choice

Compared to small cells, larger cells have more trouble

• dividing

• producing daughter cells

• storing needed materials and waste products

• moving needed materials in and waste products out

Multiple Choice

All of the following are problems that growth causes for cells EXCEPT

• more demands on DNA

• excess oxygen

• obtaining enough food

• expelling wastes

Multiple Choice

What are 2 reasons why cell growth is limited?

• The DNA and RNA

• Because cells aren’t tall enough

• Duplication and Replication

• Exchanging materials and information overload

Multiple Choice

How does exchanging materials relate to cell growth?

• It doesn’t... nothing does...

• 64³

• The trade between DNA and the Cell

• Rate of materials going in and out of the cell

Multiple Choice

How does exchanging materials relate to cell growth?

• It doesn’t... nothing does...

• 64³

• The trade between DNA and the Cell

• Rate of materials going in and out of the cell

Multiple Choice

What is information overload?

• Overload of information

• DNA grows to large for the cell

• DNA goes super RNA mode and gets too buff to be contained in the cell so it has to burst out and causes continuous internal combustion

• Cell grows too large for DNA

Cell Division and Reproduction

• Reproduction, or the formation of new living things

• Asexual reproduction: the production of genetically identical offspring from a single parent; occurs in single-celled and multicellular organisms; reproduction is quick and lacks genetic diversity.

• Sexual Reproduction: offspring produced by sexual reproduction inherit some of its genetic information from each parent; offspring genetically different from parent, and reproduction is slower.

Multiple Choice

What is sexual reproduction?

• increases genetic diversity

• reduces risk of genetic disorders

Multiple Choice

What is asexual reproduction?

• друг

• produces genetically identical cells

• produces genetically different cells

Multiple Choice

An advantage of sexual reproduction over asexual reprododuction

• takes less time

• requires more time

• provides genetic diversity

• produces identical offspring

Multiple Choice

The process by which a cell divides into two daughter cells is called

• cell division

• metaphase

• interphase

• mitosis

Multiple Choice

Compared to small cells, larger cells have more trouble

• dividing

• producing daughter cells

• storing needed materials and waste products

• moving needed materials in and waste products out

Multiple Choice

All of the following are problems that growth causes for cells EXCEPT

• more demands on DNA

• excess oxygen

• obtaining enough food

• expelling wastes

Multiple Choice

The rate at which wastes are produced by a cell partially depends on the cell's

• ratio of surface area to volume.

• type of membrane

• volume

• surface area

Multiple Choice

As a cell becomes larger, its

• volume increases faster than its surface area.

• surface area increases faster than its volume.

• volume increases, but its surface area stays the same.

• surface area stays the same, but its volume increases.

Multiple Select

Which of the following organisms reproduces asexually?

• Rocks

• Bacteri

• Zef Poloka

Multiple Select

What following organisms reproduce sexually?

• Humans

• Cheetahs

• Bees

• Sun Flowers