L2AB - Kidney (The Nephron)

L2AB - Kidney (The Nephron)

Animal Biology

Learning Objectives

• Recap the kidney structure

• Describe the structure of the nephron

• Summarise the process of filtration to produce urine

Multiple Choice

What is the shape of the kidney?

• Bean shaped

• Ball shaped

• Rectangular

• Long tube

Open Ended

RECAP: Describe the structure of the kidney - include as many structures as possible. Think back to your labelled diagram.

Kidney Function

• To reabsorb water and salts

• To remove urea from the blood

The Nephron

• The functional unit of the kidney

• The part that actually creates the urine!

Poll

How many nephrons do you think each kidney has?

• 1 hundred

• 1 thousand

• 1 million

Glomerulus

• Ball of blood vessels which provide a thin barrier for diffusion to take place

• Looks a bit like strawberry laces!

Bowman's Capsule

• Start of the nephron

• Surrounds the glomerulus

Promimal Convoluted Tubule

• Primarily use for the reabsorption of glucose

• 
  

Multiple Choice

What does proximal mean?

• The part closes to the heart

• The part furthest away from the heart

Loop of Henle

• Extended section of the nephron - a loop!

• Reabsorption of water and salts

Distal Convoluted Tuble

• Reabsorption of salts and ions

Multiple Choice

What does distal mean?

• The part closes to the heart

• The part furthest away from the heart

Collecting Duct

• Collects the waste urea and transports towards the bladder

• Also transports excess water and salt to the bladder

Multiple Choice

Which structure takes the urine from the kidney to the bladder?

• Ureter

• Urethra

• Aorta

Urine

• Is urea, water & salts

• Urea is removed from the blood

• Urine is stored in the bladder

Research Task

• What is urinalysis?

• What does a urine dipstick test for?

• Explain what the following urine colours mean; colourless to straw, red, orange, yellow-green and yellow-brown.

Multiple Choice

What does it mean if urine is red in colour?

• Bilirubin

• Protein

• Blood

Multiple Choice

What colour will urine be if an animal is dehydrated?

• Dark yellow

• Clear

• Cloudy