Review of Marshall and Missouri Crisis

Review of Marshall and Missouri Crisis Intro

Multiple Choice

Which president appointed John Marshall to be the 4th Chief Justice of the Supreme Court?

• Thomas Jefferson

• John Adams

• Aaron Burr

• James Madison

Multiple Choice

Chief Justice John Marshall was a member of what political party?

• The Federalists

• The Anti Federalists

• The Democratic Republicans

• The Whigs

Multiple Choice

As a Federalist, Marshall believed in all of the following except

• a strong federal government

• a balanced economy (agriculture and industry)

• strict interpretation

• The national bank

Multiple Choice

The Marshall court established the power of judicial review in what famous court case?

• Gibbons v Ogden

• McCulloch v Maryland

• Cohens v Virginia

• Marbury v Madison

Multiple Choice

Which president (Marshall's cousin) opposed the decision in the Marbury case because he believed in state's rights.

• Thomas Jefferson

• John Adams

• Aaron Burr

• James Madison

Multiple Choice

"the power to tax is the power to destroy." Marshall wrote these famous words in his decision in the case of

• Gibbons v Ogden

• Dartmouth College v Woodward

• McCulloch v Maryland

• Fletcher v Peck

Multiple Choice

In which case did The Marshall court establish the federal government's power over interstate commerce?

• McCulloch v Maryland

• Gibbons v Ogden

• Fletcher v Peck

• Cohens v Virginia

Multiple Select

From 1801-1835, the Marshall court did which of the following? Check all that apply

• declared a Congressional law unconstitutional

• declared a state law unconstitutional

• impeached a president

• supported the use of implied powers in creating the national bank.

• asserted the Supreme Court's right to overturn decisions of the lower courts.

Multiple Choice

The Marshall Court made decisions that eliminated state granted monopolies and opened the way for free trade and competition.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Multiple Choice

What was the the key issue that divided Marshall from President Jefferson? (and Jefferson's supporters)

• slavery

• foreign policy

• state's rights

• immigration

The Missouri Crisis 1819-1820

• the expansion of the US as a result of the Louisiana Purchase created tension between the North and South.

• Political Power in Congress lay at the heart of the conflict

• and so did slavery

Why was their tension?

• The American System created sectional (regional) tension

• Northern Congressmen wished to promote the north's economic interests.

• They did not want Southerners interfering with this by voting against bank bills, improvements in transportation and protective tariffs

An imperfect balance

there were 11 free states where slavery was not permitted and 11 slaves states where it was. This meant there was a balance of power in the US Senate. There were 22 northerns senators and 22 Southern senators. However, The House of Represenatives was not equal.

Multiple Choice

The North held a 105-81 advantage in the House of Representatives . What accounted for this?

• The north had a greater population and therefore more representatives

• Slaves did not count at all in the population of southern states

• A recent amendment gave the north an advantage in the House in exchange for allowing the slave trade to continue.

• All of the above

What about the West?

• Westerners agreed on their desire for cheap money to buy land, their hatred of the Second National Bank, and the need for improvements in transportation.

• They disagreed on the issue of slavery

• Those from the South supported the expansion of slavery westward for economic reasons. (labor for cotton fields)

• Those from the north had no use for it, and saw slaves as job competition.

• For over thirty years, the country had pushed the slavery issue under the rug. Now, that would no longer be possible.

The Missouri Crisis Begins

• In 1819, the territory of Missouri applied to Congress for admission to the Union as a slave state.

• This created a crisis so severe it foreshadowed the Civil War.

• Northern Congressmen objected to Missouri's admission because it would tip the balance of power in the Senate in the South's favor.

The Tallmadge Amendment

Representative David Tallmadge of New York introduced a bill that ignited the Missouri Crisis

Multiple Choice

Based on what you know so far, predict what Representative Tallmadge proposed in his amendment bill

• The amendment prohibited the further introduction of slaves into Missouri

• the bill required the children of slaves to be freed at the age of 25

• the bill called for the gradual elimination of slavery in Missouri

• all of the above

• none of the above

Multiple Choice

Enraged Southern Senators voted down the bill in the Senate. Which of the following best explains how southerners saw this at the time?

• They saw it as an attempt by northerners to keep the benefits of the Market Revolution from spreading south.

• They saw it as a northern attempt to abolish slavery in all states

Multiple Choice

“Indeed I tremble for my country when I reflect that God is just; that his justice cannot sleep forever; that the Almighty has no attribute which can take side with us in such a contest.” Thomas Jefferson 1781

what contest do you think Jefferson is referring to?

• state's rights

• immigration

• slavery

• westward expansion

Open Ended

“Indeed I tremble for my country when I reflect that God is just; that his justice cannot sleep forever; that the Almighty has no attribute which can take side with us in such a contest.” Thomas Jefferson 1781

what do you think Jefferson was fearful of?

Open Ended

"with slavery we have the wolf by the ear, and we can neither hold him, nor safely let him go. " Thomas Jefferson

what do you think Jefferson (a slave owner) meant by this quote? Why couldn't southerners just free their slaves?