Fall 2020 Biology EOC Review: 3.4.2: Changes over time

Fall 2020 Biology EOC Review: 3.4.2: Changes Over Time

Populations incerease

Species have the potential to increase in numbers exponentially(J curve) . Creating over population.

Population variation

• SEXUAL reproduction creates variation in a species - why you look different from your parents

• MUTATIONS cause variation in a species - such as coloration or length of necks.

• This variation allows for survival of the fittest

Multiple Choice

An antibiotic which was effective 20 years ago against a specific type of bacterial infection no longer works against the same kind of infection today. Which best explains why the antibiotic is no longer as effective as it was 20 years ago?

• Bacteria resistant to the antibiotic have killed off nonresistant bacteria.

• Viruses have changed the structure of the bacteria that causes the infection.

• Resistant bacteria have survived and reproduced at a greater rate than nonresistant bacteria.

• The human body has developed an immunity to the antibiotics.

Multiple Choice

An insecticide kills most of the ants on a plant. Over time, it is determined that the insecticide is not as effective for killing ants. Which statement best explains this observation?

• The ants killed initially by the insecticide were genetically the same as the surviving ants.

• The ants killed initially by the insecticide had thinner cell membranes than the surviving ants

• The ants that survived were younger than those that died as a result of the insecticide.

• The ants killed by the insecticide and the surviving ants were genetically different.

Population limits

• Populations are limited by the available resources such as food, water, and energy.

• 
  

Multiple Choice

What will most likely occur if the population of the world continues to increase at predicted rates?

• There will be an increase in biodiversity as a result of improvements in technology

• There will be more rapid depletion of natural resources.

• The human race will rapidly become extinct.

• All human diseases will be eliminated.

Environment and survival

Organisms which are best suited for the environment survive,

Adaptations may include the ability to camaflage, find food, water, or a mate.

Multiple Choice

Identical twin girls are separated at birth and cared for by two different families. After twenty years, the twins have different heights and weights. What is most likely the cause of these differences?

• One twin had a genetic condition that prevented her from growing tall.

• The DNA of one twin was different from the DNA of the other twin.

• Each twin was provided a different diet and physical activities.

• The proteins made by one twin were different than the proteins made by the other twin.

Survivors Reproduce

• Organisms which are best adapted to the environment will reproduce and pass on traits to offspring

Geographic isolation

A population that is physically separated may develop into a new species.

Separation may be by mountains, deserts, oceans or small bodies of water.

Multiple Choice

Scientists believe that the polar bear in Alaska and the brown bear in Russia evolved from a common ancestor. Which would be responsible for this evolutionary change?

• artificial selection

• asexual reproduction

• sexual competition

• geographic isolation