BIOLOGY SEMESTER REVIEW 3

BIOLOGY SEMESTER REVIEW 3

Recycling in the Biosphere

• Biogeochemical cycle- connects bio, chem, and geo in the biosphere

Water Cycle

water movement between the ocean, atmosphere, and land

evaporation- liquid to gas

transpiration- evaporation from leaves

Carbon Cycle

• biological- photosynthesis, respiration

• Geochemical- volcanic, erosion

• Human activity- mining, burning resources

Nitrogen Cycle

• nitrogen is required to build amino acids that build proteins

• nitrogen fixation- nitrogen gas to ammonia into nitrates

• denitrification- nitrates to gas

Phosphorus Cycle

• molecules such as DNA and RNA

• does not enter the atmosphere

Nutrient Limitation

• Primary Productivity

  The rate at which organic matter is created by producers

  
  

• Limiting nutrient

  Ecosys limited by a single nutrient

  
  

• Algal Blooms

  Excess nutrients imbalance producers/consumers

  
  

Multiple Choice

As part of the nitrogen cycle, animals acquire some amino acids by doing which of the following?

• BREATHING AIR

• EATING PLANTS

• DRINKING WATER

• PRODUCING WASTE

Multiple Choice

Saprophytes are fungi that feed on dead and decomposing organisms. They secrete enzymes that digest components of cell walls, such as cellulose and lignin. Which statement explains why these fungi are an important part of the biogeochemical cycle?

• Saprophytes perform gas exchange that assists the cellular activities of autotrophs.

• Saprophytes extract minerals from living tissue to recycle them back into the soil.

• Saprophytes transport nutrients through the xylem and phloem in autotrophs.

• Saprophytes return organic material to the soil for use by living organisms.

Multiple Choice

What is happening at 1?

• respiration: releasing CO2
• decomposing CO2 in the soil
• photosynthesis: absorbing CO2
• turning CO2 from the atmosphere into organic molecules

Multiple Choice

What is the recycling of chemical elements throughout an ecosystem called?

• energy
• phosphorus cycle
• biogeochemical cycle
• trophic level

Multiple Choice

Deforestation by burning has been described as a "double whammy" to the environment, meaning it has 2 negative impacts. Why is this description accurate? 

• Forest burning releases CO₂ while decreasing oxygen, which disrupts cycles
• Deforestation reduces the amount of oxygen in the atmosphere, which depletes the ozone layer
• Forest clearing is often followed by land development, which often leads to increased noise pollution
• Deforestation increases the number of plant and animal species by destroying habitat