Earth Structure and Forces

Earth Structure and Forces

Multiple Choice

The interior of Earth is made up of several physically different layers. The solid layer of Earth that moves over a viscous layer is called the

• core

• crust

• atmosphere

• asthenosphere

Multiple Choice

Which layer of the Earth is broken into tectonic plates?

• lithosphere

• mantle

• outer core

• inner core

Multiple Choice

Which layer of the Earth is the thickest?

• fold

• crust

• inner core

• mantle

Multiple Choice

Which statement best describes why fossils of the same land-dwelling species have been discovered in both South America and Africa?

• These organisms migrated to these two continents

• These organisms were separated by the formation of new mountain ranges.

• These organisms became extinct due to climate changes on these continents.

• These organisms once lived on one large landmass that later split into two continents

Multiple Choice

Which best explains the movement of tectonic plates?

• They move several miles each year because of convection within Earth

• They move several centimeters each year because of convection within Earth

• They move several feet each year because of convection within Earth.

• They move several kilometers each year because of convection within Earth

Multiple Choice

The three types of plate boundaries are:

• convergent, divergent, transform

• transform, hydrosphere, center core

• convergent, divergent, lithosphere

• divergent, transform, tectonic plates

Multiple Choice

An area where magma melts through the crust in the middle of a plate is called a

• island arc

• hot spot

• geyser

• pipe

Multiple Choice

Inside a volcano, magma collects in a pocket called a

• pipe

• caldera

• vent

• magma chamber

Multiple Choice

Due to extreme pressure, the inner core of Earth is

• solid

• liquid

• gas

• plasma

Multiple Choice

A difference between the oceanic crust and the continental crust is that the oceanic crust is

• composed chiefly of sedimentary rocks.

• more dense than the continental crust.

• older than the continental crust.

• continually being created.

Multiple Choice

Scientists believe that_____________________________.

• Earth's atmosphere is made up of primarily of iron and nickel

• Earth's mantle is made up of primarily of iron and nickel

• Earth's crust is made up of primarily of iron and nickel

• Earth's core is made up of primarily of iron and nickel

Multiple Choice

If an earthquake occurs, which best explains the direction in which the earthquake waves will spread?

• to the east

• in all directions

• to the west

• in a straight path to the west

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is the most likely cause of earthquakes?

• shifting rock layer

• crashing meteorites

• rotation of the core

• magnetic force

Multiple Choice

The __________ is a belt of volcanoes around the rim of the Pacific Ocean.

• seismogram

• fault

• Ring of Fire

• Pangaea

Multiple Choice

What causes the tectonic plates of Earth to continually move?

• convection currents in the mantle

• volcanic and seismic activity in the crust

• strong winds and storms

• rotation of the solid core

Multiple Choice

Earth's crust and upper mantle are broken into pieces called_______.

• continents

• basins

• tectonic plates

• faults

Multiple Choice

The two types of tectonic plates are_______________.

• oceanic and dense

• continental and less dense

• oceanic and continental

• mountains and valleys

Multiple Choice

At convergent boundaries, the tectonic plates________.

• move apart

• collide

• do not move

• slide past each other

Multiple Choice

At transform boundaries, the tectonic plates___________

• move apart

• do nothing at all

• collide

• slide past each other

Multiple Choice

Melted rock that reaches the Earth’s surface is called _______

• basalt

• crater

• vent

• lava

Multiple Choice

Liquid magma flows upward through the crust because it is less dense than the solid material around it

• true

• false

Multiple Choice

S waves arrive at a seismograph after P waves.

• False

• True