Stomach and Intestines Semester Review

Stomach and Intestines Semester Review

The Stomach

• digestion

• -physical-rugae and muscles

• -chemical-acid+food=chyme

Multiple Choice

the mixture of hydrochloric acid and food products is known as

• chyme

• excrement

• gastric juices

• peptic fluids

Multiple Choice

number 4

• cardia

• fondus

• pylorus

• liver

Multiple Choice

rugae

• liver-immune cells

• stomach-gastric folds

• small intestine-enzyme absorption

• large intestine-mass of large immune cells

Multiple Choice

number 1

• pancreas

• stomach

• large intestine

• liver

Cells

• parietal-gastric acid

• Goblet-mucus

• Chief cells-pepsinogen

Multiple Choice

goblet cells produce

• pancreatic enzymes

• hydrochloric acid

• immune response

• mucus

Multiple Choice

parietal cells

• produce pancreatic juices

• produce hydrochloric acid

• produce mucus

• store, pack, and shipping for the liver

gastric disorders

• gastroparesis- muscular dysfunction

• dumping syndrome-surgical damage to the muscles

• peptic ulcer- H.pylori bacteria

• GERD- gastric reflux

Multiple Choice

A motility disorder causing dysfunctional churning action

• gastroenteritis

• gastroparesis

• gastric folds

• hepatitis

Multiple Choice

ingesting large amounts of motrin (NSAIDS) can cause

• peptic ulcers

• hepatitis

• chronic liver disease

• cancer

Multiple Choice

GERD is often referred as

• peptic ulcer

• IBD

• acid reflux disease

• liver failure

special structures

• villi- finger-like projections that aid in absorption

• peyer's patch- immune cells

• Brunner's glands- alkaline mucus secretion glands

Multiple Choice

Small intestine absorption of proteins and carbohydrates

• ileum

• duodenum

• jejunum

• gastric folds

Multiple Choice

Small intestine

• villi

• crypts

• GALT

• brunner's glands

Multiple Choice

brunner's gland

• mucus rich secretions that neutralize Chyme

• immune support cells in the pancreas

• absorption cells in the Liver

• brain cells

SI disorders

• celiac disease-inflammatory response due to gluten

• IBD- autoimmune -crohn's ulcerative colitis

• Gastroenteritis- inflammation due to toxin, virus, or bacteria

• Tapeworm- parasite

Multiple Choice

parasitic infection from eating undercooked meat

• dumping syndrome

• tapeworm

• calicivirus

• pancreatitis

Multiple Choice

inflammatory bowel disease

• celiac

• diabetes

• chronic liver failure

• crohns

Multiple Choice

Celiac disease

• leaky gut caused by gluten

• allergy to protein

• copper build up

• peptic ulcer

function

• absorption of water and electrolytes

• fecal transport

• chemical digestion of microbes

GALT

• Gut associated lymphoid tissue

• Largest mass of lymph tissue 

  
  

• Process antigens and microbes without inducing the inflammatory response

  
  

Multiple Choice

Large intestine function

• absorption of carbohydrates and proteins

• breakdown food using HCl

• filtration of blood

• water and electrolyte absorption

Multiple Choice

Crypts

• large intestine-water asborption

• small intestine- carbohydrates and protein absoption

• liver-storage

• stomach-churning

Multiple Choice

ID number 2 (LOL)

• Ascending colon

• transverse colon

• descending colon

• rectum

LI disorders

• diverticular-pouches

• shigella- bacteria

• colorectal cancers

Multiple Choice

a disorder often associated with a weight loss surgery

• dumping syndrome

• gastroparesis

• gastroenteritis

• cirrhosis

Multiple Choice

inflammatory bowel disease

• celiac

• diabetes

• chronic liver failure

• crohns

Multiple Choice

• pouchitis

• IBD

• diverticulosis

• GERD

Multiple Choice

Shigella

• large intestinal bacterial infection

• small intestinal toxic reaction

• gastric inflammation

• bacterial infection of the liver

upper digestive disorders

• cold sore-herpes

• thrush- yeast

• smoker's palate- lesions lead to cancer

• hyperdontia- too many teeth

• barrett's esophagus- GERD changes the lining of the esophagus

Multiple Choice

hyperdontia

• is an impacted tooth

• caused by hand foot and mouth disease

• too many teeth

• Herpes simplex virus

Multiple Choice

Thrush is caused by

• not brushing your teeth

• yeast

• bacteria in the papillae

• hand foot and mouth disease

biomolecules

• carbohydrates- saccharides

• proteins- amino acids

• lipids-

prefixes

• mono- single unit

• di- 2

• poly- many

Hydrolysis

break down chemical copounds due to reaction with water

Multiple Choice

How many sugar units make up monosaccharides?

• one
• two
• three
• zero

Multiple Choice

The 3 categories of carbohydrates are:

• Monosaccharide, disaccharide, polysaccharide
• glucose, fructose, galatose
• starch, cellulose, chitin
• There are no categories of carbohydrates

digestive enzymes

• salivary amylase-mouth, carbs

• pancreatic amylase- SI, carbs

• pepsin- stomach, protein

• pancreatic lipase- SI, lipid

• bile salts- SI, emulsifier

• Brush border- SI, carbs

Multiple Choice

salivary amylase is active in which following part of the digestive system

• small intestine

• liver

• stomach

• mouth

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is the primary function of dietary carbohydrates

• form enzymes

• form hormones

• form cellular membranes

• supply energy to the cells

Multiple Choice

What chemical breaks down Fat?

• Water

• Saliva

• Sodium

• Bile

Multiple Choice

Carbohydrates are broken down in the small intestine by which of the following?

• pancreatic amylase

• salivary amylase

• peptidase

• lipase

Multiple Choice

Chylomicrons are ______ that coat triglycerides and aid in digestion of lipids

• proteins

• fatty acids

• monosaccharides

• glycols

Multiple Choice

what best defines bile salts

• emulsifier

• fat digesting enzyme

• lipid transporter

• synthesizer of lipids

Multiple Choice

Where does fat digestion take place

• stomach

• small intestine and the stomach

• mouth and the stomach

• small and large intestine

• small intestine

Multiple Choice

After digestion, fats enter the lymphatic capillaries called

• lacteals

• chylomicrons

• vili

• brush border

Carbs and Protein digestion

SI

bloodstream

liver

bloodstream

cells

Multiple Choice

Nutrient rich blood goes from the digestive system to the____

• small intestine

• hepatic portal vein

• inferior vena cava

• pancreas

Lipids digestion

• bile in the SI emulsifies for absorption

• ER forms trigycerides

• chylomicrons- protein coating

• lacteals-Lymphatic capillaries

Multiple Choice

Digestion of Fats begins here:

• mouth

• oesophagus

• stomach

• small intestine

Multiple Choice

Digestive enzymes convert food into small soluble molecules. This is so

• they can be excreted

• They can be absorbed into the bloodstream and used in our bodies.

• you can't see them

• They have something to do