Atmosphere

Atmosphere

Previous Knowledge...

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Open Ended

What are the four stages of water cycle?

Answer--

There are four main parts to the water cycle: Evaporation, Convection, Precipitation and Collection.

Evaporation is when the sun heats up water in rivers or lakes or the ocean and turns it into vapour or steam.

Question---

Explain the continous Process of water cycle?

Open Ended

EXTENTED LEARNING..

What is the cycle of rain called?

Answer---

The water cycle is called the hydrologic cycle.

In the hydrologic cycle, water from oceans, lakes, swamps, rivers, plants, and even you, can turn into water vapor.

Water vapor condenses into millions of tiny droplets that form clouds. Clouds lose their water as rain or snow, which is called precipitation.

Open Ended

How to Human use the water cycle?

Answer--

A number of human activities can impact on the water cycle: damming rivers for hydroelectricity, using water for farming, deforestation and the burning of fossil fuels.

Multiple Choice

The air has nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and many other gases. Oxygen is the gas that is majorly responsible for life on earth. Carbon dioxide is required for the survival of plants. Plants need nitrogen and bacteria fix it for them. Other gases like argon, sulphur, helium, etc., are rare, but they are also very important for the life cycle. Which of these is the major constituent of air?

• Nitrogen

• Helium

• Hydrogen

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STRUCTURE AND COMPOSITION

• The layer of gases surrounding the earth is called the atmosphere

• It is a thin blanket of air that gives us oxygen to breathe, and protects us from the harmful rays of the sun.

• It stretches up to 1600 km and is divided into five layers based on temperature, composition (mix of gases), and other properties. Starting from the surface, these layers are the Troposphere, the Stratosphere, the Mesosphere, the Thermosphere, and the Exosphere.

STRUCTURE AND COMPOSITION

• The density and temperature of each layer changes with height, and they decrease as we go further upwards.

• 78% of the atmosphere consists of nitrogen, 21% is oxygen, and other gases make up the remaining 1%.

• Oxygen and nitrogen help in the growth of living beings, whereas Carbon Dioxide absorbs the heat of the sun and keeps the planet warm.

STRUCTURE AND COMPOSITION

• The atmosphere exerts pressure on the earth, and the amount of pressure varies from place to place.

• Air moves from high-pressure areas to low-pressure areas, and moving air is called wind.

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EXTENDED LEARNING

• The excessive release of carbon dioxide pushes up the temperature of the earth. This melts glaciers and affects weather cycles around the world. The sea level also rises constantly due to this.

• The amount of carbon dioxide produced by a country is known as the carbon footprint of that country.

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Open Ended

The Kyoto protocol is a contract signed by many countries to reduce their carbon footprints by cutting emissions of carbon dioxide and other harmful gases. What is this effect called?

FOOD FOR THOUGHT..................

• The atmosphere is necessary for the survival of life on earth, because

Atmospheric Pressure

• Air excerts great pressure on the Surface of the earth. It is maximum at sea level.

Challenging Question

Why there is High Pressure at the Sea level?

ANSWER

• High pressure at the sea level is that the heavier gases remain confined to the lower layers, whereas the lighter gases float above in the higher altitudes.

Temperature : Pressure and Air Relationship....

• If the temerature is high,Pressure will e low and the air starts flowing from high pressure to low pressure

Open Ended

FILL THE BLANK

If the Temperature is High, Pressure is------------- and the air starts flowing from ------- pressure to -------------

ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS

LEVEL-1

(A) WHAT IS AIR PRESSURE? HOW WIND IS FORMED.

Level -2

(b) What are the life sustaining element present on earth?

Level-3

(c) Give reason. why do climbers experience breathing problems ....

Open Ended

Level 1- (A) WHAT IS AIR PRESSURE? HOW WIND IS FORMED.

Open Ended

Level-2

(b) What are the life sustaining element present on earth?

Open Ended

Level -3

(c)Give reason. why do climbers experience breathing problems ....

ANSWER

LEVEL 1

The atmosphere exerts pressure on the earth due to weight in the air. Thus air pressure is the weight of the air. Pressure varies from place to place. The difference in air pressure makes the air move. Moving air is known as wind. It means wind is formed due to the difference in air pressure.

Level -2

The earth is the only planet of the Solar System which has life. It is the home of mankind. The life sustaining elements are land, water and air that are present on the earth.

Level-3

The climbers experience problems in breathing due to decrease in the density of air.

Climbers need to carry with them oxygen cyclinders. to be able to breath at high altitudes.

The temperature also decrease as we move upward the atmosphere excerts pressure on the earth.

ACTIVITY

Collect pictures of expeditions to the Himalayas. Write about the kind of equipment carried by the climbers for protection against sunshine, temperature and the lack of air.

BIOSPHERE

OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

(A) To know the meaning and features of Biosphere.

BIOSPHERE

• It is the narrow line of contact between the three spheres, and it is in the biosphere where all life exists.

• All organisms, from the smallest to the largest, depend on each other and on the biosphere.

• Living organisms are divided into two parts: the animal kingdom and the plant kingdom, and the three domains interact with each other and affect all life on the earth. 

Biospshere

• For e.g., cutting forests leads to soil erosion, natural disasters destroy life, industries release a lot of carbon dioxide and cause global warming.

• So to maintain a balance between the three domains of the lithosphere, the hydrosphere, and the atmosphere, we must use the earth's natural resources in a limited way.

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Answer the Question

Open Ended

Discuss the organism found in Biosphere.