Laws of Inheritance

Laws of Inheritance

How are traits passed from parents to offspring?

Multiple Choice

Why did Mendel study pea plants?

• They reproduce asexually and have one trait that is easy to observe.

• They reproduce asexually and have many traits that are easy to observe.

• They reproduce sexually and have one trait that is easy to observe.

• They reproduce sexually and have many traits that are easy to observe.

Multiple Choice

What can be known about Mendel’s five-part hypothesis?

• It is an answer to a scientific question and is based mostly on his research.

• It identifies three alleles for each gene.

• It is an answer to a scientific question and is based on publications on genetics.

• It identifies one allele for each gene.

Multiple Choice

What is a gene?

• the different forms of a trait

• a segment of DNA that is the basic unit of heredity

• the appearance or characteristics that are seen in an organism

• an organism's allele combination

Multiple Choice

Which type of scientific statement is defined as "a possible explanation or answer to a scientific question that is based on prior knowledge or research and is testable"?

• hypothesis

• theory

• law

• probability

Multiple Choice

Which type of scientific statement is defined as a statement of fact that is generally accepted to be true and universal because it has always been observed to be true?

• theory

• probability

• law

• hypothesis

Multiple Choice

The concept of evolution by way of natural selection is a central tenet in biology that has been tested in numerous ways by many scientists but is not yet considered a law. Evolution by way of natural selection is most likely which type of concept?

• a hypothesis that can be accepted as true based on repeated experimentation with similar results

• a likelihood based on the chance that a particular event will or will not occur

• a statement of fact that is generally accepted to be true and universal because it has always been observed to be true

• a probability that is an answer to a scientific question and is based on prior knowledge or research

Multiple Choice

What does the notation Rr mean to geneticists?

• heterozygous alleles

• homozygous alleles

• dominant alleles

• recessive alleles

Multiple Choice

When plants that are heterozygous for seed shape and have round seeds are crossed, what is the probability that the offspring will have wrinkled seeds?

• 25%

• 50%

• 75%

• 100%

Multiple Choice

When Mendel crossed purebred purple flowering plants (PP) with purebred white flowering plants (pp), what were the flower colors of the resulting offspring?

• 25% white and 75 % purple

• 50% white and 50% purple

• 100% purple

• 100% white

Multiple Choice

A pea plant that has round seeds has the genotype Rr. It is crossed with a pea plant that has wrinkled seeds and the genotype rr. What is the probability that the offspring will have wrinkled seeds?

• 0%

• 25%

• 50%

• 75%

Multiple Choice

Parents that are heterozygous for having freckles (dominant) are crossed. Which correctly describes their offspring?

• Twenty-five percent have freckles.

• Twenty-five percent are Ff.

• Seventy-five percent have freckles.

• Seventy-five percent are Ff.

Multiple Choice

Which statement summarizes the law of segregation?

• Gametes are passed in pairs, groups, or sets.

• Traits that are dominant mask traits that are recessive.

• Gametes carry one allele for each trait.

• Traits are passed independently of one another.

Multiple Choice

Which of Mendel's laws or principles states that gametes carry one allele for each trait?

• principle of dominance

• law of independent assortment

• law of segregation

• law of genetics

Multiple Choice

The diagram represents one of Mendel’s laws or principles of inheritance.

Which law or principle does the diagram represent?

• dominance

• independent assortment

• segregation

• genetics

Multiple Choice

Which of Mendel's laws or principles explains that traits are passed from parents to offspring individually instead of as pairs, groups, or sets?

• the principle of dominance

• the law of independent assortment

• the law of segregation

• the principle of genetics

Multiple Choice

Each kernel of corn on a single ear can inherit a different set of alleles from those inherited by other kernels. This characteristic makes corn a useful example of which law or principle?

• principle of dominance

• law of independent assortment

• law of segregation

• law of genetics