OBM301 CHAPTER 7

OBM301 CHAPTER 7

ISSUES IN RESEARCH

PLAGIARISM 

Using someone else's ideas or phrasing and representing those ideas or phrasing as our own, either on purpose or through carelessness.

 

"Ideas or phrasing" includes written or spoken material, of course from whole papers and paragraphs to sentences and, indeed, phrases but it also includes statistics, lab results, artwork, etc.

PLAGIARISM 

According to the Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, to "plagiarize" means

· to steal and pass off the ideas or words of another as one's own

· to use another's production without crediting the source

· to commit literary theft

· to present as new and original an idea or product derived from an existing source

PLAGIARISM 

All of the following are considered plagiarism:

· turning in someone else's work as your own

· copying words or ideas from someone else without giving credit

· failing to put a quotation in quotation marks

· giving incorrect information about the source of a quotation

· changing words but copying the sentence structure of a source without giving credit

· copying so many words or ideas from a source that it makes up the majority of your work, whether you give credit or not (see our section on "fair use" rules)

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM

Direct Plagiarism

Direct plagiarism occurs when students copy word for word from one source and put those in writing deliberately without quoting mark or attribution to the original writer.

 

This will be considered as unethical, educationally deceitful, and intolerable outcome.

 

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM

Mosaic Plagiarism

Mosaic plagiarism occurs when a student borrows phrases from a source without using quotation marks, and keeps to the same general language structure and meaning as found in the original.

 

In order to make sentences sounds original and authentic, student will replace few words with synonymous terms by using thesaurus.

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM

Accidental Plagiarism

Accidental plagiarism happened when student fail to distinguish carefully between outside sources and his own thoughts when taking initial notes for research projects.

 

Unintentional plagiarism resulted from ignoring the rules for documenting sources and fails to "frame" paraphrased material.

 

Usually happened when student have the laziness about appropriate adaptation to do minor changes of the original.

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM

Self-Plagiarism

Self-plagiarism is commonly described as recycling or reusing one’s own specific words from previously published texts involving re-submitting an entire paper, copying or paraphrasing passages from previous work, or recycling old data.

Self-plagiarism is any attempt to take any of your own previously published text, papers, or research results and make it appear brand new.

 

CONSEQUENCES OF PLAGIARISM

Destroyed Student Reputation

Student can be suspended or expelled from the university if they are caught commit with plagiarism and their academic record can reflect the ethics offense and will be barred from entering other university or collage. 

CONSEQUENCES OF PLAGIARISM

Destroyed Professional Reputation

Plagiarism will damage entire career of the professional workers such as lawyer, accountant, engineer and architect where they are likely be fired or asked to step down from their present position..

CONSEQUENCES OF PLAGIARISM

Destroyed Academic Reputation

An academician, who caught with plagiarism allegations, might lose their career and reputation, lose the ability to publish or even become the end of an academic position.

CONSEQUENCES OF PLAGIARISM

Legal Repercussions

An author has the right to sue a plagiarist by using the copyright law if they use other person’s material without doing citation and reference. In certain situations, plagiarist may also become a criminal offense and possibly faced to a prison sentence. 

CONSEQUENCES OF PLAGIARISM

Monetary Repercussions

The offending plagiarist could have to pay monetary penalties if their reports and articles have exposed plagiarism by journalists, authors, public figures, and researchers.

THREE WAYS TO CLEAR OF PLAGIARISM

Quoting

This is the simplest way of giving credit to the author.

 

Quoting is setting quotation marks on certain paragraphs to indicate that are using someone else‘s idea and words.

THREE WAYS TO CLEAR OF PLAGIARISM

Paraphrase

Paraphrasing involves writing skill and summarizing skill.

Must be able to write rather than copy and paste to complete the task.

THREE WAYS TO CLEAR OF PLAGIARISM

Cite

Students must do the bibliographic citation according to required style for the various sources of references used and must ensure using the current citation style and cite the sources referred correctly.

RESEARCH ETHICS

Research ethics is specifically interested in the analysis of ethical issues that are raised when people are involved as participants in research.

 

The application of moral rules and professional codes of conduct to the collection, analysis, reporting, and publication of information about research subjects, in particular active acceptance of subjects' right. 

Three objectives in research ethics.

· To protect human participants.

· To ensure that research is conducted in a way that serves interests of individuals, groups and/or society as a whole.

· To examine specific research activities and projects for their ethical soundness, looking at issues such as the management of risk, protection of confidentiality and the process of informed consent. privacy, confidentiality, and informed consent

ISSUES IN RESEARCH ETHICS

Responsible to secure the actual permission and interests of all those involved in the study. 

Should not misuse any of the information discovered

Must protect the rights of people in the study as well as their privacy and sensitivity.

ISSUES IN RESEARCH ETHICS

The confidentiality of those involved in the observation must be carried out and privacy secure.

Ensures that research results are not made public without the subjects' knowing agreement.

ISSUES IN RESEARCH ETHICS

Reinking & Van Der Osten (2011) listed FOUR ethics of writing that should be followed by writers:

· You must only tell the truth in your writing

· You must give complete writing

· You must write clearly

· Beneficence to the readers

END OF CHAPTER 7

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