Chapter 7 Review 2021-22

Ch. 7 Review 2021-2022

Section 1: Chapter Atlas

• Great Rift Valley: long, flat, fertile land in Eastern Africa that supports plant, animal, and human life.

• Ecosystem: a group of living organisms that interact with each other in a specific environment.

• Poaching is a problem: Some countries have set up national parks to protect animals.

• Ecotourism: learning about conservation and protecting the environment.

Section 1: Riches from Land

• Mining in Southern Africa: diamonds, gold, platinum mines in S. Africa and Botswana makes lots of money.

• Problems with mining: poor working conditions, pollution, danger, poor health.

• Farming: great in Southern part of the region (South Africa, Botswana) but too dry in the North (Ethiopia, Sudan, Somalia).

• Challenges: deadly diseases like sleeping sickness caused by tsetse fly, cholera caused by dirty water

Multiple Choice

What is the long, flat, fertile land between ridges in Eastern Africa known as?

• Great African Valley

• Great Rift Valley

• Fertile Crescent

• Nile Valley

Multiple Select

What are some of the problems with mining?

(Check all that apply)

• It's dangerous

• Pollution

• Poor working conditions

• Getting too rich

Section 2: History and Conflict

• Mau Mau: Kenyans fought British and kicked them out of their country

• Sudan Splits: Arab Muslims in the north, NOT Muslim in the south. They had two civil wars. Two sides fighting over WATER.

• Genocide in Rwanda: Hutu vs. Tutsi. Hutu killed almost 1 million Tutsis, but Tutsis were able to take back power and force out many Hutus. The fighting continues.

Multiple Choice

What is Mau Mau?

• A country in Africa

• A very tall African woman

• A delicious dish found in Kenya

• Kenyans rising up and kicking out British colonizers

Multiple Choice

What were Arabs and non-Arabs in the Sudan civil wars fighting over?

• Food

• Water

• Diamonds

• Land

Section 2: History and Conflict

• Apartheid in South Africa: gov't policy of keeping black and white people in South Africa separate.

• Segregation: schools and hospitals, blacks couldn't vote, blacks could only live in certain places.

• The End of Apartheid: Nelson Mandela and F.W. de Klerk realized apartheid was destroying S. Africa, so they worked together to end it.

• Apartheid ended in 1994, and South Africa voted Mandela President.

Multiple Choice

What is apartheid?

• A type of climate found in South Africa

• Another name for the country of South Africa

• Gov't policy to keep blacks and white separate in South Africa

• None of the above

Section 3: Governing the Region

• South Africa has one of the most stable governments in the region, with fair elections since apartheid ended, but there are still problems with discrimination.

• Dictatorships: Sudan and Zimbabwe. These countries are ruled by force with no fair elections.

• Lack of stable gov't is an obstacle for development in many countries in Southern and Eastern Africa.

• A Helping Hand: Nongovernment Organizations (NGOs) deal with poverty, disease, and conflict in the region

Multiple Choice

All racial discrimination problems went way once apartheid ended in South Africa.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

What is the goal of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) in Africa?

• helping the good people win wars

• dealing with poverty, disease, and conflicts

• setting up new governments

• bringing back apartheid