The Art of Information Processing

The Art of Information Processing

INTRODUCTION

• Information processing is the manipulation of information

  by computers and other digital electronic

  equipment.

  Information processing is also the acquisition,

  recording, organizing, retrieving, displaying and

  dissemination of information

• Collection of data: capturing data from their sources

• Organization: Copying, grouping or arranging data in a more convenient way.

• Storing and Retrieving: Entering data into the processing system

• Processing: Manipulating the input data

• Analyzing: interprets the data and transforming it into information.

• Transmitting and receiving: sends and receives information beyond the information system.

• Displaying: Giving out the processed results in a readable form.

Multiple Choice

The process of interpreting the data and transforming it into information is known as ____

• Collection

• Analyzing

• Organization

Multiple Select

Select the stages of information. processing cycle

• Collection

• Displaying

• Answering

• Organizing

Procedures for Information Processing Processing

1. Collation of Information

• Once a data is collected from the source, it will then be put together to be presented in a manageable form. This process is called collation.

  Collation can be defined as the assembly of written information into a standard order.

   Collation of information is a fundamental element of most office filing systems, library catalogs and reference books.

Forms of collation of information

• Numerical and chronological order: strings representing

   numbers may be sorted based on values of the numbers

   they represent.

• Alphabetical order: Items of information are identified by

   strings consisting principally of letters from the alphabet.

• Automated Collation: When information is stored in digital

   systems, collation may become an automated process. It

   allows the information to be sorted in a satisfactory manner.

   The simplest kind of automated collation is based on

   numerical codes of the symbols in a character set such as

   ASCII coding with symbols being ordered in increasing numerical order of

   their codes. For example; a computer program might treat the characters a

   b C d and $ as being ordered $, C, a, b, d because the correct ASCII codes

   are $ = 36  a = 97  b = 98 c = 67 d = 100.

Multiple Choice

The following are examples of numerical order except __

• 123

• 453

• 7A2

• 455

2. ORGANIZATION OF INFORMATION

• This is a means of gathering all relevant information that has been collected.

  WAYS TO ORGANIZE INFORMATION

  1.Location: Organize content by location when information relates to a geographical place.

  2.Alphabet: Organize content by alphabet when the information is referential.

  3.Time: Organize content by time when presenting or comparing events over a period of time.

  4. Category: Organize your content by categories when there are clusters of similarities in your information.

  5. Hierarchy: This is used when showing how a piece of information is connected to another in order of importance of rank.

3. ANALYSIS OF INFORMATION

• This is the process of inspecting, cleaning, transforming and modeling data with the goal of discovering useful information.

   

              STEPS TO ANALYZE INFORMATION

  1.Review the question: Sometimes, putting information together will raise important and unforeseen questions.

  2.Organize the information: the mechanics of organizing information for analysis will vary according to the thinking processes of different people.

  3.Decide how to analyze information: It can relate piece of information to establish relationships between them.

  4. Integrate the Information: Putting the analyzed parts together in a way that tells the complete story.

4. INTERPRETATION OF INFORMATION

• This is the process of making sense of numerical data that has been collected, analyzed and presented.

   The process of data interpretation begins by gathering reliable data. A number of factors must be in place when gathering a reliable data. They are:

  
  

  1.Avoid bias: Every one must have equal chance of being in the sample.

  
  

  2.Achieve enough sample.

  
  

  3.Give a proper interpretation.

Multiple Choice

The process of making sense of numerical data that has been collected, analyzed and presented is called _________ of information.

• Analysis

• Organization

• Interpretation

• Collation

Advantages of using Computer for information processing

• Tasks can be completed faster.

• Computers can store enormous amounts of data for use

• Efficiency and productivity can be raised

• Customer services can be improved due to more efficient management and operations

Open Ended

Give two advantages of using the computer for information processing.

Disadvantages of using Computers for information processing

• Initial investment cost can be high

• Some jobs may be lost due to computerization.

• Some staff have to be trained or retrained

• Face-to-face among staff may be reduced.

Open Ended

Give two disadvantages of using computers to process information.