Seismic Waves and the Interior of the Earth

Seismic waves and the interior of the earth

Multiple Choice

1.What point along the fault where movements first occur?

• focus

• epicenter

• intensity

• magnitude

Multiple Choice

2. What point on the earth’s surface is directly above the focus?

• focus

• epicenter

• intensity

• magnitude

Multiple Choice

3. Which agency of the government in the Philippines is monitoring the movement of the earth crust?

• DOST

• DOH

• PHIVOLCS

• DENR

Multiple Choice

4. It is a sudden movement of the earth's crust caused by the release of stress accumulated along geologic faults or by volcanic activity:

• earthquake

• typhoon

• flood

• tsunami

Multiple Choice

5. When an earthquake occur, where would damage, intensity and magnitude be greater?

• near the epicenter

• away from the epicenter

Multiple Choice

6. it is defined as the energy release by an earthquake

• intensity

• magnitude

• tsunami

• typhoon

Learning Objectives

• Explain how earthquake waves provide information about the interior of the earth

• Illustrate the different types of seismic waves that carry energy during earthquake

• Realized the importance of studying seismic waves in earthquake preparedness

What is a wave?

• a wave is rhythmic disturbance that carries energy without transporting matter from place to place

Why do seismic waves differ from other waves like sound waves?

• It is the wave that carries energy from beneath the ground during earthquake

Open Ended

What is a seismic wave?

Seismic waves

are waves that travel through the earth carrying the energy release during earthquake

Main Types of Seismic waves

TYPES OF SEISMIC WAVE

BODY WAVES- refers to the vibrations that travel through the interior of the earth ( core, mantle, crust)

SURFACE WAVES- refers to the vibrations that that travel to the surface of the earth only from the epicenter (outer crust)

TYPES OF BODY WAVES

• PRIMARY WAVES - (P-WAVES)- Compressional waves are the fastest form of wave that can travel through solid, liquid and gases)

• This waves cause rock particles to move back and forth in the same direction as the wave is travelling

TYPES OF BODY WAVES

• SECONDARY WAVE ( S- WAVE) - Shear wave- are slower than primary waves and can travel through solid only

• Cause rock particles to move back and forth at right angles to the line of wave movement

Poll

Where do Primary and Secondary wave start to travel?

• epicenter

• focus

TYPES OF SURFACE WAVES

• RAYLEIGH WAVES

  Causing the ground to move in an elliptical motion

• it moves the ground up and down, side to side in the same direction that the wave is moving

• most of earthquake shaking is due to this type of wave

TYPES OF SURFACE WAVES

• LOVE WAVES- are waves produce entirely horizontal motion

• it moves the ground side to side

Poll

Where do Rayleigh and Love wave start to travel?

• epicenter

• focus

Open Ended

Which type of wave causes thousands of deaths and structural destruction. body of surface wave? Explain

Poll

Does the changes in the speed of earthquake vibrations give scientists an idea of the physical properties of various depth of the earth's interior?

• Yes

• No

Seismic Waves provide information of the Earth's Interior

• Lithosphere- composed of crust and the uppermost part of the mantle is solid

• seismic waves travel fast on this rocky sphere

Seismic Waves provide information of the Earth's Interior

• Asthenosphere- region of a mantle seismic waves slows down

• Very high temperature that melts the rock, making the molten behave like fluid

Seismic Waves provide information of the Earth's Interior

• below the asthenosphere- seismic waves travel fast again

• indicating that the lower part of the mantle is solid

Seismic Waves provide information of the Earth's Interior

• Outer core- seismic waves travel slowly

• indicating that it is molten due to extremely high temperature

• Inner core- is solid due to very high temperature

• very high pressure in the deepest of the earth keeps it solid.

Learning Task 1

​Multiple choice: What is seismic wave and its types

Open Ended

What is a seismic wave?

Open Ended

What are the Two types of Seismic Wave?

Open Ended

What are the two types of Surface wave waves?

Open Ended

What are the two types of Body wave waves?

Multiple Choice

The fastest wave, the first one detected by a seismograph, can travel in all states of matter

• P-waves

• S-waves

• Love waves

• Rayleigh eaves

Multiple Choice

A seismic wave that can travel through solid only

• P-waves

• S-waves

• Love waves

• Rayleigh eaves

Multiple Choice

A seismic wave causing the ground to move in elliptical motion, up and down and side to side. It cause damage incurred during earthquake

• P-waves

• S-waves

• Love waves

• Rayleigh eaves

Multiple Choice

are waves produced entirely horizontal motion. it moves the ground side to side

• P-waves

• S-waves

• Love waves

• Rayleigh eaves

Learning Task 2- Activity No.1 - What is a seismic wave

Procedure:

Prepare a basin with half-filled water and a stone. Drop a stone into the basin and observe what will happen.

Open Ended

What happen when you drop a stone?

Open Ended

What causes the ripples to form?

Open Ended

How far does the ripple continue?

The vibrations are more called as seismic wave. As seismic waves travel through the body of the earth, they behave in different ways, depending on what they encounter along the way.

Learning Task 3

Modeling P and S wave

Learning Tasks 5 Assessment

Multiple Choice

1. Which layer of the earth contains rocks that are moving slowly but continuously?

• Crust

• Mantle

• Inner core

• Outer core

Multiple Choice

2. What happens to the P-waves when they are approaching the molten part of the Earth’s interior?

• becomes slower

• remains the same

• they disappear

• the velocity increases

Procedure

3. Now, hold one end of the ruler firmly with your right hand and bend the ruler again with your left hand.

Multiple Select

3. What do you call the region on Earth’s surface where a violent earthquake is felt?

• focus

• epicenter

• crust

• plate tectonic

Multiple Choice

4.Which of the following seismic waves is detected first by the seismograph?

• L-waves

• P-waves

• R-waves

• S-waves

Multiple Choice

5. Which government agency in the Philippines monitors the earthquake?

• DOST

• DENR

• NDRRMC

• PHIVOLCS

Multiple Select

6. Which part of the Earth is said to be solid?

• Crust

• Mantle

• Inner core

• Outer core

Open Ended

I understand that

Open Ended

I realized that

PERFFORMANCE TASK NO. 2

In 100 words explain how do earthquake waves provides information about the earth's interior