Hospital from 1000c to 1900

Hospital from 1000c to 1900

Middle Ages

• Hospitals were originally guest houses, and were usually part of a monastery or convent, offering hospitality to travelers.

• Run by monks and Nuns who believe that God sent the illness so medical care was mainly praying for their souls 

• Paid for by Church donations in the Middle Ages.

• Cared for the elderly or poor and was free for the patient

• Herbal remedies used.  Some hospitals only for specific disease such as leprosy, which kept them away from others

• No medical professionals AND did not admit infectious or incurable patients. 

Multiple Choice

Hospitals were...

• Usually part of hotel were the guests paid

• usually part of a large country house

• Usually in large towns

• usually part of a monastery or convent, offering hospitality to travelers.

Multiple Select

Medicine given was...

• free for the patient

• Herbal remedies

• Paid for by donations

• scientific based

Multiple Choice

The focus of medieval hospitals was...

• Science has the answer

• God has the answer

• 4 humours

Renaissance 1450-1750

• Church loses influence but religion is still very important in peoples lives

• Some new medicine from exploration

• Development in anatomy

• Government begin to help with the introduction of the Elizabethan Poor laws

Renaissance

Up to 1500s hospitals ran by Monasteries.

But after the dissolution of the monasteries (closed by Henry VIII in 1536) had a huge impact

Local people, charities and town councils now paid for free hospitals

Now ran by trained physicians and nurses (without training) and a place for doctors to train and carry out research and practice university knowledge. 

Some hospitals in big towns now admitted infectious patients.

Herbal remedies and minor surgery were common, although prayer still featured heavily.

Multiple Select

Who now paid for running hospitals?

• The King

• The Church

• Charities

• Local councils

• Individuals

Poll

Renaissance hospitals had significantly improved as they:

> used herbal remedies

> minor surgery were common

> prayer still featured heavily.

• YES

• NO

Industrial 1750-1900

> Depending on your class dictated where you were treated. Middle/Upper classes paid doctors’ fees and were treated at home.

> Poor were cared for at home by family, sent to the workhouse or Charity hospitals (paid for by local parish or church).

> The workhouses were meant for the unemployed but were becoming full of sick and disabled people. 

> Medical care was not very good in the workhouses

Cottage hospitals

First cottage hospital (small building were nurses gave care and GPs provided treatment) opened in 1859.

By 1900 there were 300 Cottage Hospitals

New hospital (financed by charities and local councils) opened during the 19th C.

Multiple Select

Everyone received the same amount of care

• Yes, rich and poor has access to a cottage hospital

• Yes, rich and poor could afford a doctor to visit them at home

• No, rich were sent a cottage hospital and poor to a workhouse

• No, rich had a doctors visit and the poor sent to a workhouse

Multiple Choice

How many cottage hospitals were set up by 1900?

• 100

• 200

• 300

• 400

Workhouse

• Public pressure to separate the sick in the workhouses and give the poorest people in society access to hospital care.

• The Government acted on pressure from social reformers and the public

• Poor Law unions used funds (money) from local rate -payers to build new hospitals and asylums. 

• No longer Laissez faire but care! 

Multiple Choice

The local government began to pay for the building of new infirmaries (large hospitals)

• False

• True

• Specialist hospitals (e.g. asylums and fever houses)

• Florence Nightingale (hospital cleanliness/ organisation, training of nurses) AND Germ theory = improved hygiene

• However by 1900 the standard was still not even close to what we have today. 

• Drawing of Birmingham Infirmary

Birmingham Infirmary - Dudley Road Hospital today

Poll

Hospitals were improved in the 19th century because of...

• Germ Theory

• Florence Nightingale

• Government funding