GRAMMAR: Unit 16

GRAMMAR: Unit 16

Coordinating Conjunctions and the Compound Sentence

Points for the class! Write these down, my gremlins!

• Point 1: Describe compound sentence, and identify coordinating conjunctions: "and", "but" (p. 99)

• Point 2: Identify coordinating conjunctions: "or", "so" (p. 102)

Write in journal the definition of "the compound sentence":

def: A compound sentence is made by joining two simple sentences together, using a coordinating conjunction.

For example:

He opened the door. He walked into the street. (2 simple sentences)

He opened the door, and he walked into the street. (1 compound sentence)

Write in journals the definition of "conjunctions" and the ones we use!

def. of a conjunction: a joining word. (They can join word to word, phrase to phrase, and simple sentence to simple sentence to make a longer sentence. Some common conjunctions are:

and

but

or

so

because

until 

although

Examples of sentences with conjunctions joining words, phrases, or sentences: (p. 100)

• The meat was tough and tasteless. (joining 2 words)

• His house was over the hills but not far away. (joining 2 phrases)

• I bought this DVD because you told me it was good. (joining 2 sentences)

Write down def. of coordinating conjunction -and:

Def: "And" has the meaning "in addition". It joins words or sentences that have something in common.

Examples:

Norway is a cold country. Norway is a mountainous country. ---> Norway is a cold and mountainous country.

The sun rises in the east. The sun sets in the west. ---> The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.

Birds make nests. Birds fly. ---> Birds make nests and fly.

Write down def. of coordinating conjunction -but:

Definition: "but" is used to join ideas that are opposite or in contrast to each other.

Examples:

Tigers and zebras have stripes. Leopards and cheetahs have spots.--->Tigers and zebras have stripes, but leopards and cheetahs have spots.

My eyes are brown. My sister's eyes are blue. ---> My eyes are brown, but my sister's eyes are blue.

Multiple Choice

Use and or but to make these pairs of simple sentences into one compound sentence:

The condor is the top bird of prey in the Andes. You don't see condors in the Rockies.

• The condor is the top bird of prey in the Andes, but you don't see condors in the Rockies.

• The condor is the top bird of prey in the Andes, so you don't see condors in the Rockies.

• The condor is the top bird of prey in the Andes, if you don't see condors in the Rockies.

Multiple Choice

Use and or but to make these pairs of simple sentences into one compound sentence:

Trees prevent soil erosion. Trees clean up the atmosphere.

• Trees prevent soil erosion, but clean up the atmosphere.

• Trees prevent soil erosion, and clean up the atmosphere.

• Trees prevent soil erosion, so clean up the atmosphere.

Multiple Choice

Use and or but to make these pairs of simple sentences into one compound sentence:

There are penguins in the Southern Hemisphere. There are no penguins in the Northern Hemisphere.

• There are penguins in the Southern Hemisphere, but there are no penguins in the Northern Hemisphere.

• There are penguins in the Southern Hemisphere, so there are no penguins in the Northern Hemisphere.

• There are penguins in the Southern Hemisphere, for there are no penguins in the Northern Hemisphere.

Multiple Choice

Use and or but to make these pairs of simple sentences into one compound sentence:

The moon waxes and wanes. The moon controls the tides.

• The moon waxes and wanes, but it controls the tides.

• The moon waxes and wanes, because it controls the tides.

• The moon waxes and wanes, and it controls the tides.

Point 2: Coordinating conjunctions: -or and -so

On to the next!

Write in journal the definition of how the conjunction "or" is used:

Definition: "or" is used to show a choice.

Examples:

We can go to the zoo. We can go to the museum. ---> We can go to the zoo, or we can go to the museum.

Would you like cheese? Would you like an apple? ---> Would you like cheese or an apple?

Write in journal the definition of how the conjunction "so" is used:

Definition: Use "so" when the second sentence shows a result or effect of the first sentence.

Examples:

I wanted a new car. I bought a Ford Galaxy. ---> I wanted a new car, so I bought a Ford Galaxy.

It was raining. I took my umbrella. ---> It was raining, so I took my umbrella.

Multiple Choice

Use or or so to make these pairs of simple sentences into one compound sentence:

The Normans won the Battle of Hastings. William the Conqueror became king of England.

• The Normans won the Battle of Hastings, so William the Conqueror became king of England.

• The Normans won the Battle of Hastings, for William the Conqueror became king of England.

• The Normans won the Battle of Hastings, but William the Conqueror became king of England.

• The Normans won the Battle of Hastings, or William the Conqueror became king of England.

Multiple Choice

Use or or so to make these pairs of simple sentences into one compound sentence:

You will do it like this. You will be fired.

• You will do it like this, but you will be fired.

• You will do it like this, so you will be fired.

• You will do it like this, or you will be fired.

Multiple Choice

Use or or so to make these pairs of simple sentences into one compound sentence:

I want to be a doctor. I am studying hard to pass my science exams.

• I want to be a doctor, so I am studying hard to pass my science exams.

• I want to be a doctor, but I am studying hard to pass my science exams.

• I want to be a doctor, or I am studying hard to pass my science exams.

Multiple Choice

Use or or so to make these pairs of simple sentences into one compound sentence:

Would you like potatoes? Do you prefer rice?

• Would you like potatoes, so do you prefer rice?

• Would you like potatoes, or do you prefer rice?

• Would you like potatoes, and do you prefer rice?

The end!

Lesson Wrap Up:

We looked at use of compound sentences and the uses of the 4 conjunctions: "and", but", "so", and "or"

 

 

Homework: Course practice on Unit 16 Grammar!