Genetics

Genetics

*these questions are possibilities for your test! :)

Multiple Choice

Who is known as the father of genetics?

• Charles Wallace

• Gregor Mendel

• Charles Darwin

• Francis Crick

Multiple Choice

When crossing a homozygous recessive with a heterozygote, what is the chance of getting an offspring with the homozygous recessive phenotype?

• 0%

• 25%

• 50%

• 75%

• 100%

Multiple Choice

P = purple, pp = white. The offspring of a cross between two heterozygous purple-flowering plants (Pp × Pp) results in:

• all purple-flowered plants

• all white-flowered plants

• purple-flowered and white-flowered plants

• pink-flowered plants

• two different purple-flowered plants (PP and Pp)

Multiple Choice

Polygenic traits are influenced by ______.

• Several Genes

• Linked Genes

• Codominant Genes

• Only Recessive Genes

Multiple Choice

What is independent segregation of genes during the formation of gametes?

• Independent Assortment

• Polygenic Trait

• Multiple Alleles

• Pleiotropy

Multiple Choice

What is the study of heredity?

• Genes

• Traits

• Genetics

• Biology

Multiple Select

Which of the following are phenotypes? (Check all that apply)

• Hh

• Blue Eyes

• Brunette Hair

• YY

Multiple Choice

Which combination of sex chromosomes results in a female human being?

• XX

• XY

• YY

• either XX or YY

Multiple Choice

What is a pedigree?

• a geneticist who studies the inheritance of traits in humans

• a picture of all of the chromosomes in a cell

• a chart that tracks which members of a family have a particular trait

• an allele passed from parent to child on a sex chromosome

Multiple Choice

How many generations are included in this pedigree chart?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Multiple Choice

What does the notation GG mean to geneticists?

• two dominant alleles

• two recessive alleles

• at least one dominant allele

• one dominant and one recessive allele

Multiple Choice

If two heterozygous individuals mated and their first 3 children showed a dominant trait, which of the following would be true?

• Their next child will have the dominant trait

• Their next child will have the recessive trait

• There is a 25% chance their next child would show the recessive trait

• They cannot have a child with the recessive trait

Multiple Choice

What does Gg mean in regards to PHENOTYPE.

• It shows the dominant phenotype

• It shows the recessive phenotype

• It shows both the dominant and recessive phenotype

Multiple Choice

No two people have the same DNA, except for

• crime suspects

• brothers

• sisters

• identical twins

Multiple Choice

Sex-linked genes are genes on

• the X chromosome only

• the Y chromosome only

• The X and Y chromosomes

• all 23 pairs of chromosomes

Multiple Choice

What are the genotypes with percentages of offspring?

• FF 25%

  Ff 50%

  ff 25%

• FF 50%

  ff 50%

• Ff 100%

• Ff 50%

  ff 50%

Multiple Select

What does a solid square mean on a pedigree? (Check all that apply)

• Female

• Male

• Affected

• Unaffected

Multiple Choice

If a red flower is crossed with a white flower to produce offspring with red and white petals, what is the relationship between alleles for flower color?

• R1 is dominant over R2

• R1 and R2 are codominant

• R2 is dominant over R1

• R1 is incompletely dominant over R2

Multiple Select

What is an example of a sex-linked inherited trait? (Check all that apply)

• Colorblindness

• Balding

• Hemophilia

Multiple Choice

How many individuals are affected in this pedigree chart?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Multiple Select

Which of the following genotypes are homozygous recessive? (Check all that apply)

• gg

• Ll

• X^rX^r

• HH

Multiple Choice

The idea that different pairs of alleles are passed to offspring independently is Mendel's principle of:

• Unit Inheritance

• Independent Assortment

• Segregation

Multiple Choice

What is a trait?

• One of a number of different forms of a gene

• Sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait

• Specific characteristic that varies from one individual to another

Multiple Select

Which of the following genotypes are hemizygous dominant? (Check all that apply)

• X^tX^t

• YY

• X^EY

• X^bY

Multiple Choice

When the genotype consists of a dominant and recessive allele, the phenotype will be like _______ allele.

• The Dominant

• The Recessive

• Neither

• Both

Multiple Select

In humans, the gene associated with hemophilia is located on the X-chromosome. The allele for the normal blood clotting (H) is dominant over the allele for hemophilia (h). What are the possible genotypes for an unaffected female? (Check all that apply)

• X^HX^h

• X^hX^h

• X^HX^H

Multiple Choice

Who are more likely to suffer from X-linked diseases and why?

• Females, because they have two X-chromosomes and are therefore more likely to inherit one with a disease

• Males, because they have only one X-chromosome and if it is mutated they have no back up copy

• Females, because one of their X-chromosomes is deactivated

• Both males and females are equally likely to suffer from X-linked disorders

Multiple Choice

If a plant that has round seeds has a parent that has wrinkled seeds, what is its genotype? (Assume that round is dominant.)

• RR

• Rr

• rr

• RrWw

Multiple Choice

This principle states that alleles separate during gamete formation:

• Principle of multiple alleles

• Principle of dominance and recessiveness

• Principle of independent assortment

• Principle of segregation

Multiple Select

Which of the following genotypes are on the sex chromosomes? (Check all that apply)

• X^rX^r

• X^hY

• X^EX^e

• X^wX^w

Multiple Choice

What is an allele?

• Specialized cell involved in sexual reproduction

• Sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait

• Genetic makeup of an organism

• One of a number of forms of a gene

Multiple Choice

If you crossed two heterozygous plants, how many of the offspring will also be heterozygous?

• all

• half

• 3/4

• 1/4

Multiple Choice

A plant that has purple flowers is crossed with one that has white flowers. The offspring were half white and half purple. What were the genotypes of the parents?

• Pp x pp

• Pp x Pp

• PP x pp

• PP x WW

Multiple Choice

Chromosome numbers, size and shape is different from species to species.

• True

• False

Multiple Select

Which of the following genotypes are heterozygous? (Check all that apply)

• GG

• Tt

• Kk

• Ee

• dd

Multiple Choice

What is codominance?

• Situation in which both alleles of a gene contribute to the phenotype of the organism

• The term used when genes have more than two alleles

• Trait controlled by two or more genes

• Situations in which one allele is not completely dominant over another

Multiple Choice

What is the percentage of offspring that will show the recessive phenotype?

• 0%

• 25%

• 50%

• 75%

• 100%

Multiple Select

Which of the following are genotypes? (Check all that apply)

• Gg

• HH

• kk

• X^eY

Multiple Choice

What is the percentage of the offspring that will show the dominant phenotype?

• 0%

• 25%

• 50%

• 75%

• 100%

Multiple Choice

If a plant that has round seeds has a parent that has wrinkled seeds, what is its genotype? (Assume that round is dominant.)

• RR

• Rr

• rr

• RrWw