Cardiac function

Cardiac function

Multiple Choice

Which hormone causes proliferation of the endometrium?

• FSH

• LH

• Oestrogen

• Progesterone

Multiple Choice

Which part of the male reproductive system secretes testosterone?

• Seminiferous tubules

• Interstitial cells

• Prostate gland

• Seminal vesicle

Multiple Choice

Which of these is not a function of LH?

• Stimulates the secretion of progesterone from the corpus luteum

• Causes development of a corpus luteum in the ovary

• Causes ovulation

• Causes vascularisation of the endometrium

Multiple Choice

Which of these antenatal tests would give a karyotype?

• Dating scan

• Amniocentesis

• Anomaly scan

• Biochemical tests

Multiple Choice

Which layer of the arteries and arterioles can relax and contract to cause vasodilation or vasoconstriction?

• Smooth muscle

• Connective tissue

• Endothelium

• Lumen

Multiple Choice

In which blood vessel would blood pressure be lowest?

• Aorta

• Pulmonary vein

• Vena cava

• Pulmonary artery

• Veins

Multiple Choice

In which type of vessel does pressure filtration take place?

• Capillaries

• Lymphatic vessels

• Arterioles

• Venules

The Cardiac Cycle

• Systole - contraction of the heart muscle

• Diastole - relaxation of the heart muscle

The Cardiac Cycle

• Pressure changes cause valves to open and close

• Blood moves from area of high pressure to low pressure.

• Atria contract = high pressure

• AV valves open

The Cardiac Cycle

• Ventricles contract & atria relax = higher pressure in ventricles than atria

• AV valves close to prevent backflow of blood to atria.

• SL valves open

The Cardiac Cycle

• Ventricles relax = lower pressure than arteries

• SL valves close to prevent backflow of blood to ventricles

Conducting cycle of the heart

• SA node = pacemaker.

• Controls the rate at which the heart beats

• AV node

• Conducting fibres

Multiple Choice

• A

• B

• C

• D

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements refers correctly to the cardiac cycle?

• During systole the atria contract followed by the ventricles.

• During systole the ventricles contract followed by the atria.

• During diastole the atria contract followed by the ventricles.

• During diastole the ventricles contract

  followed by the atria.

Calculations

• Calculating heart rate.

• Work out length of one cardiac cycle.

• 60 divided by length of one cardiac cycle = heart rate in BPM

Calculate length of cardiac cycle

0.5 s

60/0.5 = 120 bpm