Argumentative Text

Argument/Persuasion

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text structure

the way an author orgainizes his or her ideas; organizational pattern

Argumentative Text

writing that presents a claim on a debatable issue or problem and attempts to persuade others to agree with this claim

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The word argument doesn't always refer to two people having a disagreement. In formal speaking and writing it is a claim supported by reasons and evidence.

claim

the author's opinion or position about a subject

evidence

facts, statistics (info represented with numbers), expert opinions, and examples that support a claim

opposing viewpoint

the other side, the opposite point of view to the claim

counterargument

to consider the opposing viewpoint and attempt to prove it is wrong (rebuttal)

Pro/Con

pro= in favor of (for) something

con= against something

Rhetorical Appeals

Rhetoric = the art of speaking or writng

Appeal =​ a quality that causes people to like someone or something

Rhetorical Appeals: the qualities of an argument that make it truly persuasive

We will learn--logos, pathos, ethos

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logos

an appeal to logic and reasoning (can use facts, statistics, charts, graphs, etc) An appeal to "your head/brain"​

Example:

"The data is perfectly clear: this investment has consistently turned a profit year-over-year, even in spite of market declines in other areas."

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pathos

an appeal to emotions (fear, humor, pity, pride, etc)

An appeal to "the heart"

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Example: "If we don't move soon, we're all going to die! Can't you see how dangerous it would be to stay?"​

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ethos

an appeal to ethics (morals; what is right), or someone with authority;

this is used to get the audience's trust

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Example:

*A political candidate talks about his experiences as a soldier, as a businessman, and as a politician-in contrast to his opponent.

*"As a dermatologist, ​I can tell you that this is the safest cream on the market."

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Multiple Choice

What is agumentative text?

• writing where two people are angry at each other and arguing

• when two people are texting on their phones and disagreeing

• writing that presents a claim and attempts to persuade others to agree with it

• a test to see which argument is better

Multiple Choice

Geico can save you 15% or more on car insurance.

• ethos

• pathos

• logos

Multiple Choice

There's no price that can be placed on peace of mind. Our advanced security systems will protect the well-being of your family so that you can sleep soundly at night.

• ethos

• pathos

• logos

Multiple Choice

As a doctor, I am qualified to tell you that this course of treatment will likely generate the best results.

• ethos

• pathos

• logos

Multiple Choice

Identify if the statement in red is a claim, or evidence.

In Baltimore, Maryland, surveillance cameras lowered their crime rate by almost twenty five percent.

• claim

• evidence

Multiple Choice

Identify the claim below:

People get pets so that they will never be lonely, and they will always have a friend to be there for them. Ask your heart, what makes the best pet??? Some people think a best pet is a rabbit, or a dog, but it is clear that cats make the best pet. Cats are cuddle bugs, he’s playful, and cheap.

• People get pets so that they will never be lonely

• Ask your heart, what makes the best pet???

• Cats are cuddle bugs, he’s playful, and cheap.

• it is clear that cats make the best pet.

Multiple Choice

Identify if the statement in red is a claim, or evidence.

The repeated head traumas from football can lead to depression and memory loss.

• claim

• evidence

Multiple Choice

Identify if the statement in red is a claim, or evidence.

Football can harm the health of the children who play it.

• claim

• evidence

Multiple Choice

facts, expert opinions, examples, or other details that back up a reason or claim

• argument
• counterargument
• evidence
• claim

Multiple Choice

Your opinion, position, or argument is called a(n)

• claim

• evidence

• counterclaim

Multiple Choice

Ethos is the way a writer or speaker

• applies denotation

• will use valid reasoning

• applies emotion to a claim

• gains the trust and confidence of the audience

Multiple Choice

Using emotion to support a claim or opinion is

• Pathos

• Ethos

• Logos

Multiple Choice

The logos of an argument relates to

• the author's perspective

• tone

• valid reasons, facts, and reliable sources

Multiple Choice

Con means

• you are in favor of the topic.

• you are against the topic.

• you are on the good side of a topic.

• you are on the bad side of a topic.

Multiple Choice

Pro means

• you are in favor of the topic.

• you are against the topic.

• you are on the good side of a topic.

• you are on the bad side of a topic.

Multiple Choice

When writers bring up the opposite viewpoint in an argument and then show why it is wrong, they are using a(n) ________.

• example
• counterargument
• claim
• conclusion

Multiple Choice

The viewpoint, central idea, or position of a piece of persuasive writing is called a(n) __________.

• counterargument

• explanation

• claim

• evidence

Multiple Choice

What is text structure?

• the way someting is built

• the way a text is sent on a phone

• the way a piece of writing is organized