Computer-An Introduction
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Computers
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8th Grade
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Jasmine Sharon
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17 Slides • 5 Questions
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Computer-An Introduction
Jasmine Sharon S
I.B.Ed.
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History of Computer
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GENERATION OF COMPUTER
First Generation
Second Generation
Third Generation
Fourth Generation
Fifth Generation
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First Generation (1946-1955)
The first computers used vacuum tubes for circuitry and magnetic drums for memory, and were often enormous, taking up entire rooms. First generation computers relied on machine language to perform operations, and they could only solve one problem at a time. IBM-650 was another first generation computer by IBM corporation.
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Second Generation(1955-1965)
Transistors replaced vacuum tubes in the second generation computer. Transistor is a device composed of semiconductor material that amplifies a signal or opens or closes a circuit. Invented in 1947 at Bell Labs, transistors have become the key ingredient of all digital circuits, including computers.
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Third Generation(1965-1975)
The development of the Integrated Circuit was the hallmark of the third generation of computers. Instead of punched cards and printouts, users interacted with third generation computers through keyboards and monitors and interfaced with an operating system, which allowed the device to run many different applications at one time with a central program that monitored the memory. Computers for the first time became accessible to a mass audience because they were smaller and cheaper than their predecessors.
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Fourth Generation(1976-1988)
Use of microprocessor in mid seventies marked the advent of fourth generation computers. Medium to very large scale IC’s technology packed about 1,00,000 transistors in a single chip. The Intel corporation in 1971 packed the complete CPU in a single chip. This is known as microprocessor. Another significant development of this generation was graphic devices. This has significantly contributed to the use of computers in design, drawing, commercial arts and entertainment.
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Fifth Generation(1988 onwards)
Fifth generation computing devices, based on Artificial Intelligence, are still in development, though there are some applications, such as voice recognition, that are being used today. The use of parallel processing and superconductors is helping to make artificial intelligence a reality. Quantum computation and molecular and nanotechnology will radically change the face of computers in years to come. The goal of fifth-generation computing is to develop devices that respond to natural language input and are capable of learning and self-organization.
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Input Device
An input device is any hardware device that sends data to a computer, allowing you to interact with and control it.
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Output Device
An output device is any piece of computer hardware equipment which converts information into human read able form. It can be text, graphics, tactile, audio, and video.
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HARDWARE
Computer hardware is the physical components that a computer system requires to function.
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SOFTWARE
Software comprises the entire set of programs, procedures, and routines associated with the operation of a computer system.
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Computer-An Introduction
Jasmine Sharon S
I.B.Ed.
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