Special Nutritional Relationships

Special Nutritional Relationships

Symbiosis

Symbiosis is defined as a close relationship between two differetn species over a period of time. The effects might be positive, negative, or neutral.

Three main types of symbiosis are:

1. Mutualism

2. Parasitsm

3. Commensalism

Multiple Choice

The next is not an example of symbiosis:

• Mutualism

• Trophicism

• Parasitism

• Commensalism

Mutualism

• Relationship in which BOTH organisms benefit.

• An example is the relationship between certain species of ants and acacia trees. The ants live in the large thorns of the tree and feed on special leaves. The acacia tree produces new leaves year-round to provide food for the antsand the ants continually patrol the leaves and branches of the acacia and immediately attack any herbivore that tries to feed on the tree.

Multiple Choice

Mutualism is:

• A relationship in which both organisms benefit from each other

• A relationship in which neither of the organisms benefit from each other

Parasitism

• It can be described as a relationship in which one, called the parasite, benefits while the other, called the host, is harmed. The parasite lives on or in a living host taking energy.

• The host is harmed, but usually not killed.

• Mosquitoes and humans are an example of parasite and host.

Multiple Choice

Parasititsm is a relationship in which both organisms are drawing from each other.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

In parasitism, the host is neither harmed nor benefit.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

In parasitism, the host is harmed but usually not killed.

• True

• False

Commensalism

• It is described as a relationship in which one organism ie neither harmed not helped.

• An example are some birds that use tree branches for nesting sites. The trees benefit little, but they are not harmed.

Multiple Choice

Relationship between two organisms in which one organism is harmed

• Mutualism

• Parasitism

• Commensalism

Multiple Choice

Relationship in which one organism is benefited and the other is neither harmed nor helped.

• Mutualism

• Parasitism

• Commensalism

Other special relationships

• Predation: Relationship between 2 organisms that involves a predator that kills the other organism known as prey.

• A cat hunting a mice is an example of predation.

Other special relationships

• Competition: relationship in which two organisms compete fot the same limited resources such as food, water, and shelter.

• The more limited the resource, the greater the competition.

• An example of competition are hawks and eagles, both birds of prey, and they compete with each other for food such as small rodents.

Multiple Choice

Relationship in which there is a prey that dies because the other organisms involved kills it.

• Predation

• Competition

Other special relationships

• Amensalism: One organism inhibits another.

• Many molds produce antibiotics that inhibit bacterial growth, but the mold is neither helped nor harmed by the presence of the bacteria

Multiple Choice

Ammensalism is a relationship in which one organism is benefited and the other is neither harmed nor benefit.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Ammensalism is a relationship in which one organism inhibits another.

• True

• False

Other special relationships

• Neutralism: Organisms share an indirect relationship. Most species have neutral relationships with most other species in their habitat.

• Herbivory is a relationship in which grazing animals feed on plants by cropping portions of the plant without killing it. A deer is an example of a herbivore.

Multiple Choice

What type of relationship does a lion have with an antelope?

• Mutualism

• Parasitism

• Commensalism

• Predation

Multiple Choice

Type of relationship considered neutral:

• Amensalism

• Predation

• Neutralism

• Herbivory