hydrocarbon 1 (alkane)

hydrocarbon

what is alkane?

• majority of compounds found in the crude oil

• single containing carbon carbon bond

• compound that displayes sp3 hybridisation

• compound that has angle of 109o

• saturated hydrocarbons

• compounds that have the max number of hydrogen

• general formula CnH2n+2

sources of alkanes - crude oil

• mixture of hydrocarbon- alkanes, cycloalkanes, aromatic compound

• cycloalkanes - CnH2n general formula, containing single C-C bond in a 'ring', only containing 2H each

• aromatic - based on hexagonal benzene ring

fractional distillation

• separation of hydrocarbon based on their boiling point

• fractions : group of compound that have similar boiling point

• the lower the relative molecular mass, the volatile they are -- collected at top of fractionating column (high demand)

Multiple Choice

is alkane generally

• reactive

• unreactive

Open Ended

why alkanes is generally unreactive?

Multiple Select

what reactions alkanes undergo?

• combustion

• free radical substitution

• electrophilic addition

• cracking

• nucleophilic substitution

Open Ended

state three uses of combustion of alkanes

Open Ended

what is the difference between complete and incomplete combustion

Open Ended

give one balanced equation of complete combustion of either nonane or decane

Open Ended

give one balanced equation of incomplete combustion of either nonane or decane

Multiple Select

what are the impact of incomplete combustion of alkane?

• greenhouse gas - global warming

• ozone depletion

• acid rain

• intoxicating haemoglobin in the blood

Fill in the Blanks

what needs to be fitted to car to reduce the emission from vehicles?

Open Ended

give brief idea on how catalytic converter works

free radical substitution reaction

1. initiation

2. propagation

3. termination