Reform in the U.S. Pt. 2 - Abolitionism and Women's Rights

Reform in America

Pt. 2 - Women's Rights and Abolition

Listen for the following:

• What section of the country had an economy based on slave labor?

• Why were there so many enslaved people in the South?

• What rights did enslaved people have? How were they treated?

• What happened to end slavery in the United States?

Slavery

• Person held captive & controlled by another person with no rights or freedom whatsoever

• Cruel treatment, poor food, inadequate clothing & housing was the norm.

• Slave Codes – laws passed by Southern states limiting the rights & freedoms of enslaved persons

Listen for the following:

• How many people are estimated to have escaped on the Underground Railroad?

• What was it illegal for an enslaved person to know how to do?

• What was the Underground Railroad?

• What were some of the ways that information was spread about the Underground Railroad?

Multiple Choice

The person who led runaway enslaved people north to freedom along the Underground Railroad was known as the...

• Agent

• Conductor

• Station Master

• Station

Multiple Choice

True or False. The Underground Railroad was an actual physical railroad.

• True

• False

Abolitionist & the Underground Railroad

• Network of people & places helping runaway slaves escape to freedom in the Northern U.S. or Canada

• About 100,000 slaves gained their freedom on the railroad

Listen for the following:

• Who was Frederick Douglass?

• What was an abolitionist?

• What two reform movements did Douglass support?

Abolitionist Leaders

• William Lloyd Garrison – published the abolitionist paper The Liberator.

• Frederick Douglass – former slave, spokesperson & publisher of the abolitionist newspaper The North Star.

• Angelina & Sarah Grimke – Southern antislavery activists

Listen for the following:

• Who was Harriet Tubman?

• What are some of her accomplishments?

• How many trips did she make to the South to rescue enslaved people?

• What was her nickname?

Abolitionist Leaders

• Sojourner Truth – former slave & leader in both the abolitionist & women‘s rights movement.

• Harriet Tubman - Known as "Moses" a former slave who helped others gain their freedom as a "conductor" on the Underground Railroad.

  Quakers – one of the first American organizations to oppose slavery

Multiple Choice

Written by William Lloyd Garrison, this newspaper was one of the leading advocates of abolition in the country.

• The Liberator

• The North Star

• The Freedom Gazette

• Liberty Calling

Open Ended

Fredrick Douglass said, "Without struggle there is no progress." What do you think he meant?

Abolitionist Goals

• End slavery & gain equal rights

• Guarantee rights for all African-Americans

• Results

  · 1863 – Abraham Lincoln delivers the Emancipation Proclamation

  · 1864 – 13^th Amendment passed abolishing slavery

Multiple Choice

The abolitionist movement achieved its goal with the passage of which amendment?

• Twelfth Amendment

• Thirteenth Amendment

• Fourteenth Amendment

• Fifteenth Amendment

Women's Rights - Before

• Women could not vote or hold office

• Fathers & husbands controlled women's money & property.

• Husbands could physically discipline their wives

• Few legal rights

Listen for the following:

• What are some of the rights women were denied?

• What was the biggest single right women wanted?

• What was the right to vote called?

Women's Rights Movement - Leaders

• Abigail Adams – Often considered the founder of the American women’s rights movement

• Elizabeth Cady Stanton & Lucretia Mott – helped organize 1st women’s rights convention in Seneca Falls, NY

• Susan B. Anthony – Fought for women’s right to vote

Multiple Choice

Why did Congress honor this woman by putting her on a coin?

• Because she was an influential first lady

• Because she designed the nation's first flag

• Because she fought for women's suffrage

• Because she was the first woman elected to Congress

Listen for the following:

• What was the Seneca Falls Convention?

• What was the role of women?

• What kinds of limits were put on their rights?

• What was the purpose of the Declaration of Sentiments?

• What were some of the rights they demanded?

Seneca Falls Convention

• 1848 - Women’s rights meeting held in Seneca Falls, New York

• Grievances

  · Women not allowed to vote

  · No property rights, not even to their own wages

  · Not allowed to practice professions like law & medicine

Seneca Falls continued

• Declaration of Sentiments

  · Issued at the convention it was a written list of the complaints women had and their goals for equality

  · Helped identify the goals of the women’s rights movement

  · Modeled on the Declaration of Independence

Women's Rights Movement - After

• New York gives women control over property & wages

• Massachusetts & Indiana pass more liberal divorce laws

• Elizabeth Blackwell starts her own hospital

• Women eventually gain the right to vote (19th Amendment)

Multiple Choice

"With [Lucretia] Mott and three other women, Elizabeth [Cady Stanton] spearheaded the first women's rights convention in Seneca Falls in July 1848. At this gathering, she presented their Declaration and its 11 resolutions demanded social and political equality for all women, including its most controversial claim, the right to _____. "

- Judith E. Harper, "Biography," from Resources for the Film Not for Ourselves Alone, PBS

Which of the following best completes this excerpt?

• equal pay

• own property

• a public education

• vote