Hinduism

Hinduism

Multiple Choice

Cultural diffusion is...

• The spreading of religions only in one area.

• cultures that only celebrate their own holidays

• cultures spreading and interacting from one area to another.

• when two cultures come together to form one

Overview

• cultural hearth = India (900 BC)

• oldest and third largest religion (1 bill.)

• main religion of India - no real founder

• sacred texts - Vedas/Upanishads

• worship of many gods

• belief in supreme spiritual force

• 4 goals

Multiple Choice

At the start of Hinduism, this was passed on by word of mouth. As the religion evolved, 4 of these were written and are considered the holy book

• Brahman

• Caste

• Sanskrit

• Vedas

Multiple Choice

Hindus worship many gods.

• true 
• false

Multiple Choice

The predominant religion of India.

• Buddhism

• Islam

• Christianity

• Hinduism

Brahman

• *the one spiritual force (God)*

• all gods are forms of Brahmans

• source of all things

• all-powerful principle existing in all beings

• everyone's soul = form of Brahman

Multiple Choice

What social class holds the most power in the Caste system?

• Brahmins

• Brahmans

• Shudras

• Kshatriyas

Multiple Choice

This is the Ultimate god or eternal force in Hinduism

• Brahmin

• Brahman

• Brahma

• Shudra

Core Beliefs

• Holy scriptures = Upanishads + Vedas

• diff. practices --> same basic belief

• 1 = belief in 1 spiritual force

• 2 = every person is born w/ a soul

• "Guru" = thinker/teacher (founders)

Multiple Choice

The second set of sacred texts that come after the Vedas are the. . .

• Upanishads

• Nirvana

• Brahmin

• Vedic Sanskrit

Beliefs of Life

• Reincarnation = rebirth of a soul in a new body

• a.k.a Samsara

• Karma = effect of person's actions in present/previous lives

• after death, most will reincarnate

• karma determines HOW you're reborn

Multiple Choice

Karma is the belief that future reincarnation is based on present behavior.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

The rebirth of souls.

• Reincarnation

• Dharma

• Caste System

• Four Noble Truths

4 Goals

• (1) Dharma: person's duty ; what is right for him/her

• (2) strive for well-being ; earning a livelihood w/ dignity

• (3) pleasure

• (4) Moksha: liberation from reincarnation (live forever in joy)

Multiple Choice

In order to end the cycle of rebirth, one must reach ___________.  

• Moksha

• Karma

• Ahimsa

• Shiva

Multiple Choice

A person's duty or what is right for him or her. 

• kharma

• dharma

• ahisma

• moksha

Multiple Choice

If a young woman is helping a man learn to read in rural India, which Hindu belief is she following?

• She is following her dharma by performing her duties and living in an honorable way.

• She is following her karma by performing her duties and living in an honorable way.

• She has reached moksha

• This has nothing to do with Hinduism.

4 Paths to Moksha

• Way of knowledge (understanding one's soul/oneness with Brahman)

• Way of works (rituals/duties that improve karma)

• Way of devotion ("path of love" to worship Gods/Godesses)

• Way of meditation (discipline by spiritual practices)

• All will lead to Moksha

Multiple Choice

What are the basic beliefs of Hinduism?

• Follow the Law starting with 10 Commandments

• Belief in reincarnation, live your Dharma receive good Karma and achieve Moksha

• : Love God and your neighbor as yourself

• Four Nobles Truths of suffering can end if you follow the Eightfold Path to achieve Nirvana.

Hinduism - Wrap Up

• Vedas + Uphanishads (Vedas = oldest)

• Dharma vs. Karma (Key ideas in Hinduism)

• D = responsibility within caste system

• D = controls all aspects of life

• K = sum of persons actions

• K = determines next life

Philosophy of the Buddha

https://youtu.be/tilBs32zN7I

Multiple Choice

According to Buddhism, a prophecy foretold that when he grew up, the Buddha would become either a holy man, or...

• the emperor of India

• a doctor

• a powerful general

• a god

Multiple Choice

What does it mean to reach a state of nirvana?

• to reach a state of enlightenment where you no longer need to eat or sleep

• to reach a state where you have everything you want

• to reach a state of enlightenment where all your questions are answered

• to reach a state of enlightenment where you aren't ruled by desire

Multiple Choice

What does the word "Buddha" mean?

• God

• Siddhartha Gautama

• The Awakened One

• Prince

Multiple Choice

What is the Noble Eightfold Path?

• the fourth Noble Truth

• a path to moving beyond suffering

• a series of aspects of behaving right, or wisely

• all of the above

Buddhism - Overview

• Begun by Siddhartha Gautama

• No gods

• Follow "The Middle Way"

• Four Noble Truths

• Four Noble Truths + Eightfold Path

• Insights of Buddha to help achieve enlightenment

Buddhism

• Founder = Siddhartha Gautama

• became known as the Buddha ("enlightened one")

• arose in India

• 400 mill throughout the world

• most live in Asia

• Buddha's teachings = source of wisdom for non Buddhists

Multiple Choice

Who was the founder of Buddhism?

• Confucius

• Ashoka

• Siddhartha Guatama

• Attilla

The Life Story of Buddha

• Enlightenment - a state of perfect wisdom

• freed from "wheel of existence"

• freed from ties to world (no suffering)

• 45 yrs traveling across India to share message

• trained teachers/religious leaders

Multiple Choice

What did Siddhartha Guatama see in his travels that upset him?

• He saw too many people that were stealing from the poor and giving to the rich.

• He saw beggars, people who were ill, and people broken down by age with no home and no where to go.

• He saw too many homes that needed to be repaired.

• He saw too many people that needed to bathe.

Multiple Choice

The man who became the Buddha was born a ____________

• prince.

• pauper.

• merchant.

• farmer.

Multiple Choice

What does Buddha mean?

• Suffering

• Life of Moderation

• Enlightened One

• An awakening to the truth

Buddhist Beliefs

• accepted karma/reincarnation

• denied idea of permanent soul

• enlightenment= soul cease to exist

• did not believe in any god

• did not accept varna roles

• good/bad actions more important

• support moral/ethical society

Multiple Choice

The god or supreme deity for Buddhism is

• Siddartha Gautama
• The Dalai Lama
• There is no god or supreme deity
• The Bodhisattvas

Quest to Enlightenment

• The Middle Way- life of moderation

• 4 Noble Truths- basic teaching of Buddha

• 1: Life involves suffering

• 2: Selfish wants/desires is cause

• 3: Give up desires to end suffering

• 4: Way to overcome desires is follow Eightfold Path

Multiple Choice

According to the fourth Noble Truth, what is the way to remove desire in order to achieve enlightenment?

• Follow the Ten Commandments

• Get as many material possessions as possible

• Follow the Eightfold Path

• Follow the 12-step Program

Multiple Choice

Where does human suffering come from?

• From nature

• Desire and want

• evil and fear

• unmet expectations

Multiple Choice

What is the Middle Path?

• A life of moderation

• A state of no more suffering

• Right thought

• Right concentration

Multiple Choice

What are the basic teachings of Buddhism called?

• Ten Commandments

• Shar'ia Law

• The Four Noble Truths

• The Five Noble Truths

Eightfold Path

• follow to end desires/suffering

• open to anyone-any caste

• 8 steps lead to 3 Qualities...

• 1 - wisdom

• 2 - morality

• 3 - meditation

Multiple Choice

To end suffering one must follow the

• Middle Way

• Dharma

• The Eightfold Path

• The Five Pillars

Nirvana

• a state of blissful peace without desire or suffering

• freed from reincarnation

• goal for following 8 Fold Path

• enlightenment bring nirvana? always/sometimes

Multiple Choice

What are Buddhists in search of?

• Truth
• Nirvana
• Heaven
• Paradise

Multiple Choice

By meditating under a Bodhi tree, Siddhartha reached nirvana, which is...

• heaven

• an ideal state of happiness and peace

• death

• prayer