Ch 14.1-2 Lecture

Ch 14.1-2 Lecture

Ribosomes and Protein Synthesis

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a NOT TRUE about DNA and RNA?

• Both are made of nucleotides

• DNA is double stranded and RNA is single stranded

• DNA and RNA contain a different type of sugar

• They both consist of the same four bases

• All of these choices are true

Multiple Choice

Which type of RNA acts as a messenger to take the genetic code to the Ribosomes?

• mRNA

• rRNA

• tRNA

• zRNA

Multiple Choice

Why does a cell need to utilize transcription?

• Because DNA can not leave the nucleus

• To maintain a balance of electrolytes

• Because the cytoplasm needs to move in and out of the the nucleus

• Because amino acids need to get moved to the ribosomes

Multiple Choice

What enzyme is essential for transcription?

• DNA polymerase

• RNA polymerase

• DNA hydrolase

• RNA hydrolase

Multiple Choice

What would be the correct sequence of bases on the mRNA that gets transcribed from the DNA on the previous slide?

• AUG GCC AGU UUG UAG

• ATG GCC AGT TTG TAG

• TAC CGG TCA AAC ATC

• UTG GCC UGT TTG TUG

Multiple Choice

The exons are the extra portions of mRNA that are cut out before the mRNA leave the nucleus.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Which is NOT TRUE about proteins?

• They are made up of long chains of amino acids

• They are the main component of muscle tissue

• Enzymes are a type of protein

• They are just long straight strands of polypeptides

Multiple Choice

A codon is a section of 3 bases that "codes" for one protein.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

What would be the correct amino acid sequence translated from the mRNA strand on the previous slide?

• trytophan - leucine - isoleucine - serine - methionine

• methionine - alanine - serine - leucine

• valine - arginine - serine - leucine - stop

• none of these are correct

Multiple Choice

The first codon read by the ribosomes is always A-U-G

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

mRNA and tRNA follow RNA base pairing rules

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

tRNA molecules get broken down after they drop off an amino acid at the ribosome.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

What are ribosomes composed of?

• rRNA and proteins

• proteins and carbohydrates

• ribosome proteins

• sugars and phosphates

Multiple Choice

The two steps in protein synthesis are transcription and translation.

• True

• False