08.03.21 P.P.P.M

08.03.21 P.P.P.M

Reducing the impacts of natural hazards

TIme to toughen up!

Reducing vulnerability in earthquake hotspots

Learning Intentions

Explain how P.P.P.M methods can be useful in reducing the severity of tectonic hazards

P = Prediction

Prediction involves using seismometers equipment to monitor earth tremors.

Experts know where earthquakes are likely to happen, however it's very difficult to predict when they will happen

San Andreas Fault

Even looking at the time between earthquakes doesn't seem to be that accurate!

The San Andreas fault in California, USA, scientists have some of the most advanced technical equipment and education in predicting earthquakes – but they cannot be exactly sure of when or where an earthquake may strike.

Multiple Choice

What equipment so scientists use to measure earthquakes?

• Tremor monitors

• Size rulers

• Seismometers

Multiple Choice

Where in the world is the San Andreas fault?

• California

• New Mexico

• Kansas

• Coventry

P = Protection

Many areas prone to earthquake hazards now have strict building regulations

Any new building must be built to strict guidelines that would protect people from future earthquakes.

Protection involves constructing buildings so that they are safe to live in and will not collapse.

HOW DO YOU MAKE A BUILDING EARTHQUAKE PROOF?

FLEXIBLE FOUNDATIONS

SHOCK ABSORBERS

SHIELD FROM VIBRATIONS

PENDULUM POWER

Multiple Select

Earthquakeproof buildings can be made from....

• Structural Steel

• Wood

• Futuristic materials

• All of them

BUILDING MATERIALS TO USE

Multiple Choice

Earthquake proof buildings are built using....

• no foundations

• solid foundations

• flexible foundations

Multiple Choice

Pistons in the building belp to absorb the _____ of the earthquake

• Water

• Heat

• Motion

Multiple Choice

Plastic rings underneath the building help move the earthquakes shockwaves...

• Through the building

• Up the building

• Deep into the ground

• Around the building

Task: Design an earthquake proof skyscraper

- Flexible Foundations

- Structural Steel

- Weighted Pendulum

- Concrete Rings

- Shock Absorbers

when completed take a pic and email to [e-mail]

P = Planning

Hospitals, emergency services and residents practise for and earthquake in earthquake prone countries.

They have drills in all public buildings, like schools, so that people know what to do in an earthquake.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4Nh9xMO7rNg

Task: Create a saftey briefing to advise what to do during an earthquake (both inside and outside)

Challenge: Make a list of things to pack in your survival bag

M = Monitoring

Earthquakes are not as easy to predict. However, there are still some ways of monitoring the chances of an earthquake.

Laser beams can be used to detect plate movement.

A seismometer is used to pick up the vibrations.

Levels of radon gas can be monitored - a sudden increase may suggest an earthquake.

Multiple Choice

A sudden decrease in the level of radon gas emitted from the earths crust is an warning sign that an earthquake might happen soon

• True

• False

Open Ended

What does P.P.P.M mean?

Open Ended

Plenary:

The most important part of P.P.P.M is....

This is becasue...