Indirect Statement

Indirect Statement

First, let's review how to form infinitives.

Infinitives Chart

• present active- 2 pp e.g. necare

• present passive- 2 pp final e to i e.g. necari

• perfect avive- 3 pp plus sse e.g. necavisse

• perfect passive- 4pp plus esse (2 words) e.g. nectaus esse

• future active- 4pp plus URus plus esse (2 words) e.g necaturus esse

Multiple Choice

Translate the following infinitive:

clamo, clamare, clamavi, clamatus- shout

clamavisse

• to shout

• to be shouted

• to have shouted

• to have been shouted

Multiple Choice

Translate the following infinitive:

clamo, clamare, clamavi, clamatus- shout

clamatus esse

• to shout

• to be shouted

• to have shouted

• to have been shouted

Multiple Choice

Translate the following infinitive:

duco, ducere, duxi, ductus- lead

ducturus esse

• to lead

• to have led

• to be about to lead

• to have been led

Multiple Choice

Translate the following infinitive:

duco, ducere, duxi, ductus- lead

ducere

• to lead

• to have led

• to be about to lead

• to have been led

But how do we use them? Look:

• Puto puellam ambulare lente.

• I think that the girl is walking slowly.

• 
  

  Credit me libros legere.

• He believes that I am reading books.

What did you see?

• In each sentence, you got two pieces of information:

• 1) a verb of the head/mental action (puto, credit)

• 2) a statement that follows that verb of mental action (what I think, what he believes)

• 
  

The Second Piece of Information

• the subject is expressed in the accusative case (puellam, me)

• the verb is expressed in the infinitive (ambulare, legere)

• 
  

Indirect Statement

• follows a verb of the head

• in English, we put the word that, but Latin doesn't have it

• takes subject accusative and an infinitive

• Putamus pueros pugnare.

• We think that the boys are fighting.

Common Verbs of the Head

• audio    audire   audivi   auditus     hear

• cerno    cernere  crevi    cretus      discern, distinguish

• cogito    cogitare  cogitavi  cogitatus    think, ponder

• credo    credere  credidi   creditus     trust, believe

• demonstro demonstrare demonstravi demonstratus   demonstrate, point out

• dico     dicere   dixi     dictus      say

Multiple Choice

Choose the meaning of the following verb of the head:

dico, dicere, dixi, dictus

• to think

• to say

• to point out

• to hear

Multiple Choice

Choose the meaning of the following verb of the head:

cogito, cogitare, cogitavi, cogitatus

• to think

• to say

• to point out

• to hear

Multiple Choice

Choose the meaning of the following verb of the head:

audio, audire, audivi, auditus

• to think

• to say

• to point out

• to hear

Multiple Choice

Choose the meaning of the following verb of the head:

demonstro, demonstrare, demonstravi, demonstratus

• to think

• to say

• to point out

• to hear

More Verbs of the Head

• disco    discere   didici                 learn

• doceo    docēre   docui    doctus      teach

• intellego intellegere intellexi  intellectus   understand

• moneo   monēre  monui   monitus     warn, advise

• narro    narrare  narravi  narratus    say, tell

• nuntio   nuntiare nuntiavi  nuntiatus   announce, report

• video         vidēre       vidi           visus               see

Multiple Choice

Choose the meaning of the following verb of the head:

doceo, docere, docui, doctus

• to announce, to report

• to learn

• to teach

• to say, to tell

Multiple Choice

Choose the meaning of the following verb of the head:

nuntio, nuntiare, nuntiavi, nuntiatus

• to announce, to report

• to learn

• to teach

• to say, to tell

Multiple Choice

Choose the meaning of the following verb of the head:

narro, narrare, narravi, narratus

• to announce, to report

• to learn

• to teach

• to say, to tell

Multiple Choice

Choose the meaning of the following verb of the head:

disco, discere, didici

• to announce, to report

• to learn

• to teach

• to say, to tell

Even More Verbs of the Head

• nego         negare      negavi       negatus          deny, say… not

• nescio       nescire     nescivi      nescitus              to not know

• puto          putare      putavi       putatus           think

• scio           scire         scivi          scitus              know

• scribo       scribere    scripsi      scriptus          write

• sentio       sentire      sensi         sensus            feel, think, consider

• spero        sperare     speravi     speratus         hope

Multiple Choice

Choose the meaning of the following verb of the head:

spero, sperare, speravi, speratus

• to feel, think, consider

• to not know

• to know

• to hope

Multiple Choice

Choose the meaning of the following verb of the head:

scio, scire, scivi, scitus

• to feel, think, consider

• to not know

• to know

• to hope

Multiple Choice

Choose the meaning of the following verb of the head:

sentio, sentire, sensi, sensus

• to feel, think, consider

• to not know

• to know

• to hope

Multiple Choice

Choose the meaning of the following verb of the head:

nescio, nescire, nescivi, nescitus

• to feel, think, consider

• to not know

• to know

• to hope

To Recap:

• Find the verb of the head

• Add the word that

• translate the accusative like a subject

• translate the infinitive like a main verb

• 
  

  Credo vos laborare strenue.

• I believe that you are working hard.

Multiple Choice

Find the verb of the head in the following Latin sentence:

Audio Cornelium ad Curiam festinare.

• audio

• Cornelium

• festinare

Multiple Choice

Find the subject accusative in the following Latin sentence:

Audio Cornelium ad Curiam festinare.

• audio

• Cornelium

• festinare

Multiple Choice

Find the infinitive in the following Latin sentence:

Audio Cornelium ad Curiam festinare.

• audio

• Cornelium

• festinare

Multiple Choice

Which is the best translation of the following sentence?

Audio Cornelium ad Curiam festinare.

audio, audire- to hear

Cornelius- Cornelius

ad- to

Curia- Senate House

festino, are- to hurry

• Cornelius is hurrying to the Senate House.

• I hear that Cornelius is hurrying to the Senate House.

• Cornelius hears that he should hurry to the Senate House.

Multiple Choice

Find the verb of the head in the following Latin sentence:

Magistra scit discipulos laborare strenue.

magistra- teacher

scio, scire- to know

discipulos- students

laboro, are- to work

strenue- hard

• magistra

• scit

• discipulos

• laborare

Multiple Choice

Find the subject accusative in the following Latin sentence:

Magistra scit discipulos laborare strenue.

magistra- teacher

scio, scire- to know

discipulos- students

laboro, are- to work

strenue- hard

• magistra

• scit

• discipulos

• laborare

Multiple Choice

Find the infinitive in the following Latin sentence:

Magistra scit discipulos laborare strenue.

magistra- teacher

scio, scire- to know

discipulos- students

laboro, are- to work

strenue- hard

• magistra

• scit

• discipulos

• laborare

Multiple Choice

Which is the best translation of this sentence?

Magistra scit discipulos laborare strenue.

magistra- teacher

scio, scire- to know

discipulos- students

laboro, are- to work

strenue- hard

• The teacher knows that the students are working hard.

• The teacher knows the students to work hard.

• The students are working hard.

• The students know they are working hard.