PARTICIPLE CLAUSES

PARTICIPLE CLAUSES

PRESENT PARTICIPLE (-ING)

To replace a time clause. (when, while, after...)

For example: Looking (Instead of "While I was looking") through things in my drawer, I came across some old pictures.

To replace a clause of reason (because, as, since...)

For example: Feeling (instead of "Because I felt") extremely tired, I decided to rest under a tree.

To replace a relative clause in Active Voice.

For example: The girl talking (instead of "who is talking") to Jim is my sister.

Multiple Choice

Choose the correct option, use participle clauses.

________ my notes I realized I didn't write the date.

• While checking

• Checking

• I was checking

• Checking to

Multiple Choice

Choose the correct option, use participle clauses.

__________ she loved reading, Richard bought her a book.

• He knowing

• Because knowing

• He knew

• Knowing

PAST PARTICIPLE (-ED)

Instead of a subject + verb in the Passive Voice.

Shocked (Instead of "They were shocked") by the tragedy, they didn't know what to say.

To replace a Relative Clause in the passive voice.

Clothes made (instead of "which are made") in France and Italy are very elegant.

To replace a Conditional sentence in the Passive Voice.

Stored (instead of "If it's stored") in the fridge, the bottle of milk will stay fresh until tomorrow.

Multiple Choice

______ in this way, batteries will last for a week.

• Using

• If I use

• Used

• Used batteries

Multiple Choice

Coffee ________ in that café is really expensive.

• buying

• is bought

• which buy

• bought

PERFECT PARTICIPLES

It is used for an action that happened before another action in the past.

Active voice: Having + Past participle

Having finished studying, Ted went out. (Ted finished studying, then went out)

Passive voice: Having been + Past participle

Having been damaged in the accident, the car wouldn't start. (The car had been damaged in the accident and wouldn't start)

Multiple Choice

___________ dressed, he slowly went downstairs.

• Having got

• Having

• Got

• Having been got

Multiple Choice

___ for the final interview, the candidates were asked to prepare a short presentation.

• Having selected

• Selected

• Having been selected

• I have been selected

Extra Info about Participle Clauses.

+ To form the negative add NOT before the participles.

Not wanting to miss the bus, the ran to the bus stop.

If the participle has the same subject as the sentence, use the participle at the beginning of the sentence.

Crossing the road I was almost hit by a car.

If the subject of the participle is different from the subject of the verb the subject of the participle goes at the beginning of the sentence.

Weather permitting, we may drive to the beach