Grammar

Grammar

Past perfect

The past perfect is used to talk about a past action that happened earlier than another past action. For example,

When I got to the airport, I realised I had left my passport at home.

 Read the following sentences and decide which action happened frst and which happened second.

 My mother had worried a lot about me before she heard that I was safe with my friends.

  By the time the firefighters arrived, the building had already burned down

Open Ended

Write a meaningful sentences using past perfect and simple past in the same sentence.

Multiple Choice

She ...................... the room when the air-conditioning stopped working.

• entered

• had entered

• enters

Multiple Choice

The plane ................ off by the time I ............ to the airport.

• had taken /got

• has taken/got

• took/ had got

Multiple Choice

When she (leave) her house, it (start) raining

• has left/started

• had left/started

• left/had started

Multiple Choice

When Ahmad (arrive) at the stadium, the match (begin) already.

• had arrived/had begun

• arrived/began

• arrived/had begun

Multiple Choice

She (watch) the movie again because she (see) it before and she liked it!

• watched/had seen

• had watched/saw

• watched/saw

Multiple Choice

He (feel) very ill because he (not sleep) well.

• feels/hasn't slept

• felt/hadn't slept

• had felt/didn't sleep

Multiple Choice

When Sheikh Zayed (become) ruler, his father (die) already

• became/died

• became/had died

• had become/die

PAST SIMPLE/PRESENT PERFECT

Multiple Choice

The discovery of oil in the 20th century ..................our country forever. (change)

• changed

• has changed

• change

Multiple Choice

: I ................... for a new job last week.

• have applied

• had applied

• applied

Multiple Choice

Have you ever ............. in management before?

• work

• worked

• working

Multiple Choice

Our company has exported goods to Europe................ 20 years.

• for

• since

• just

Multiple Choice

We had invested $2 million in staff training and induction ............2010.

• for

• since

Open Ended

WRITE SENTENCES USING THE PAST CONTINUOUS AND PAST SIPMLE IN THA SAME SENTENCE

Multiple Choice

n 1971, six of the Emirates ..........................together under the leadership of Sheikh Zayed. (join)

• joined

• had joined

• has joined

Multiple Choice

During the 1970s, the government..................... large amounts of money on roads and commercial ports. (spend)

• had spend

• had spent

• was spending

Language tip 2

Use of English You can use as many/much [+ noun] as when you compare two situations.

Examples

 There weren’t as many schools as there are now

There weren’t as many roads as there are today.

Open Ended

Write sentences comparing life now and life in the past using as many /as much+noun

Multiple Choice

The birth rate remained steady .......................1970 and 1980

• until

• above

• between

Multiple Choice

The majority of the population is .................the age of 60.

• of

• under

• between

Multiple Choice

2 The population decreased ................25% to 87,000

• up

• to

• by

Multiple Choice

Most people ..................the 30 to 34 age group are migrant workers.

• until

• by

• between

Multiple Choice

When you join a new school, ........................you have to take a placement test.

• finally

• secondly

• initially

Multiple Choice

After failing the exams several times,............... he was able to pass the course

• finally

• next

• secondly

Multiple Choice

After visiting a number of schools, my mum.................. decided to enrol me in this school

• eventually

• firstly

• next

Multiple Choice

In the UAE, you finish two kindergarten stages and .....................move to elementary school

• after

• secondly

• then

Open Ended

write the adjective form

mountain/rock

Open Ended

hill/ shade