Urinary System

Urinary System

Structures, Functions, Disorders

Multiple Choice

A hollow muscular sac that holds up to 500 mL of urine:

• Bladder
• Kidney
• Ureter
• Urethra

Multiple Choice

There are two kidneys, two ureters, one urinary bladder, and one urethra.

• True
• False

Multiple Choice

Urine flows out of the kidneys through narrow tubes called

• Gallbladder
• Ureter
• Nephrons
• Urethra

Multiple Choice

What is the external opening of the urethra called?

• Urinary meatus

• Urinary follicle

• Urinary calculus

• Urinary hole

Multiple Choice

What C-shaped structure in the nephron surrounds the glomerulus?

• Bowman's capsule
• bladder
• renal pelvis
• hilum

Multiple Choice

The correct order for the renal tubules is:

• proximal convoluted tubule, collecting duct, distal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle
• distal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, proximal convoluted tubule, collecting duct
• proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule, collecting duct
• collecting duct, proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule

Multiple Choice

What is the function of the urethra?

• It filters urea out of the bloodstream
• It delivers urine from the bladder to the outside world
• It transfers urine from the kidneys to the bladder
• It prevents urine from leaking out of the bladder

Multiple Choice

Which are the tubes that carry urine from the kidney to the bladder?

• Adrenal tubes
• Kidneys
• Ureters
• Urethras

Multiple Choice

Urine production takes place in the:

• nephrons
• bladder
• ureter
• renal pelvis

Multiple Choice

Which stage of urine production involves the removal of substances from the bloodstream?

• reabsorption
• excretion
• filtration
• secretion

Multiple Choice

Which stage of urine production involves returning water, nutrients, and electrolytes to the bloodstream?

• filtration
• excretion
• secretion
• reabsorption 

Multiple Choice

In homeostasis, the kidney regulates the:

• levels of electrolytes 
• amount of water in the body
• pH
• all of the above

Multiple Choice

How is the female urethra different from the male urethra?

• It is longer

• It is wider

• It is shorter

• It is more narrow

Multiple Choice

What is a symptom of a UTI?

• dysuria

• dyspepsia

• dysphagia

• dyspnea

Multiple Choice

If someone has hematuria, they are experiencing

• pus in the urine

• blood in the urine

• glucose in the urine

• urea in the urine

Multiple Choice

UTIs are most common in

• men

• women

Multiple Choice

What term means scanty urine?

• anuria

• polyuria

• oliguria

• hematuria

Multiple Choice

Where does FILTRATION take place in the nephron?

• Glomerulus

• Bowman's Capsule

• PCT

• Collecting Duct

Multiple Choice

What is a urinary bladder sphincter??

• A circular muscle that helps you hold your bladder and relaxes when you pee.

• A tube that connects a kidney to a bladder.

• A tube that waste passes through to get out of the body.

• a muscle that is found in the kidneys that helps you filter your blood

Multiple Choice

These organs are responsible for what?

• storing urine
• storing water
• filtering blood
• they don't have a particular job 

Multiple Choice

What do kidneys filter?

• ammonia
• nitrogenous wastes
• urine
• blood

Multiple Choice

the removal of metabolic wastes such as carbon dioxide, water, salts, and urea

• digestion
• nutrition
• circulatory
• excretion

Multiple Choice

What is #2?

• Kidney
• Ureters
• Bladder
• Urethra

Multiple Choice

Incontinence is when you can't hold in your urine

• True

• False

Multiple Select

What are the waste products of the urinary system?

• salt

• water

• nitrogenous waste

• peristalsis

Multiple Choice

UTI stands for:

• Upper respiratory infection

• Upper tract infection

• Urinary tract infection

Multiple Choice

Each kidney contains over 1 million of these microscopic units

• adrenal glands

• glomeruli

• neurons

• nephrons

Multiple Choice

Which conditions or dietary habits are thought to be among the more likely causes of kidney stone formation?

• Eating too little fiber and too few fruits with vitamin A

• Both of the above

• Inadequate water intake and eating too much salt or sugar

Multiple Choice

Which are the most common symptoms when someone has a kidney stone?

• Severe pain on one side of the lower back, fever, and nausea

• A small lump that can be felt in the abdominal area, fatigue, and tingling in the legs.

• Pain in the chest, blurred vision and dizziness

Multiple Choice

crystallized solids form in the kidneys; small

stones pass out of the body in urine; larger

stones can block urine fl ow

• Kidney stones

• Nephritis

Multiple Choice

painful swelling of the glomeruli; large particles

in the blood become lodged in the glomeruli

• Nephritis

• kidney stones

Multiple Choice

Kidney disease

• Also known as high blood pressure, when a person's heart and arteries must work harder than normal. Over time, the added stress can damage them. Increases risk of stroke, heart attack, heart failure, kidney failure, and loss of vision.
• A chronic condition where the body does not use insulin properly and becomes insulin resistant
• A chronic disease, where kidneys gradually lose function. Kidneys are responsible for filtering waste and excess fluids from the blood, which are excreted through urine
• Type of fat found in found in animal products like meat, eggs, butter, cheese, and milk. The body needs some cholesterol for organ growth and function, but too much can build up and clog arteries that carry blood around the body. This can cause a heart attack or stroke

Multiple Choice

For how long can a person remain dependent on dialysis?

• Up to a year

• Life

• Up to 3 years

• Up to 10 years

Multiple Choice

The passage of blood through a semipermeable membrane to rid the blood of harmful wastes, extra salt, and water using an outside device when the kidneys are in failure.

• Dialysis

• Cystitis

• Pyelitis

Multiple Choice

How frequently is dialysis required?

• Once a week

• Three times a month

• Once a day

• Three times a week

Multiple Choice

What are treatment options for someone with kidney failure?

• Hemodialysis

• Peritoneal dialysis

• Kidney transplant

• All of the answers are correct