Chemical composition in a cell

Chemical composition in a cell (Part 1)

Water & Carbohydrate

Multiple Select

Water is made up of?

• Carbon

• Hydrogen

• Oxygen

• Nitrogen

H₂O

Oxygen - slightly negative charge

Hydrogen - slightly positive charge

Multiple Select

What are the importance of water?

• Act as universal solvent

• Dissolve non-polar substances

• High specific heat capacity

• Results in capillary action in the xylem

Importance of water

1. Universal solvent - dissolve polar molecules

2. High specific heat capacity - absorbs a lot of heat with little ↑ in temperature.

3. Cohesive & Adhesive force: continuous flow of water in xylem. (Capillary action)

Multiple Select

Carbohydrate is made up of?

• Carbon

• Hydrogen

• Oxygen

• Nitrogen

Carbohydrate is made up of

Carbon, Hydrogen =,Oxygen

Molecular formula of glucose : C₆H₁₂O₆

Multiple Select

Maltose is made up of?

• Glucose + glucose

• Sucrose + glucose

• Glucose + fructose

• lactose + glucose

Maltose is a disaccharides which is made up of

two glucose monomers

(glucose + glucose → maltose)

- can be found in grains

Multiple Select

Sucrose is made up of?

• Glucose

• Galactose

• Fructose

• Lactose

Sucrose is a disaccharides which is made up of

glucose and fructose

(glucose + fructose → sucrose)

- can be found in sugar cane

Multiple Select

What are the characteristics of disaccharides?

• Does not crystallise

• Taste sweet

• Dissolve in water

• Have pungent smell

Characteristics of disaccharides

1. Taste sweet

2. Water soluble

3. Can be crystallise

Multiple Select

Which of the following belongs to this category of carbohydrate?

• Cellulose

• Starch

• Galactose

• Glucose

Example of polysaccharides

1. Starch - energy source in plant

2. Glycogen - energy source in animal

3. Cellulose - found in cell wall of a plant

Multiple Choice

What is the process of breaking down complex substances into smaller molecules?

• Condensation

• Hydrolysis

• Separation

• Anabolism

Hydrolysis

• Involve addition of water to break down complex substances into smaller molecules.

• Eg:

• Sucrose + water → glucose + fructose

Thank you!

Well done :)