Review of Interdependence in Ecology

Review of Interdependence in Ecology

Multiple Choice

What is a producer?

• Organism that makes its own energy
• Organism that breaks down dead organisms
• Organism that eats other organisms for food & energy

Multiple Choice

What is a consumer?

• Organism that makes its own energy
• Organism that breaks down dead organisms
• Organism that eats other organisms for food & energy

Multiple Choice

What will happen if all of the frogs in a population die?

• The frogs' predators will decrease and the frogs' prey will increase
• The frogs' predators will increase and the frogs' prey will decrease
• The frogs' predators will increase and they frogs' prey in increase.
• We better all pray because there isn't anymore frogs.

Multiple Choice

What are some abiotic factors that could be limiting factors in the Iowa River ecosystem?

• Temperature, fertilizer runoff from fields, drought or flood
• Invasive species, floods
• Temperature, droughts, floods, over fishing

Multiple Choice

What would happen if the population of hawks suddenly increased? How would it affect the other organisms in the ecosystem?

• The snakes would decrease due to more hawks eating them
• All of the population of organisms would increase
• The biotic factors in the ecosystem would increase
• The hawks predators would decrease

Multiple Choice

If a disease destroying barley plants in a field swept through an ecosystem, what would happen to the barley eating bird population in the the field ?

• The bird population would stay the same
• The bird population would infinitely increase
• The bird population would decrease

Multiple Choice

If there is more food than usual in an ecosystem, then...

• Populations will stay the same
• Populations will decrease
• Populations will increase

Multiple Choice

When there is a lack of resources such as food, water, sunlight, shelter, and space this is often called __________.

• limiting factors
• wet
• messy
• found in rocks

Multiple Choice

A snake is eaten by a hawk. The hawk is the _______.

• prey
• parasite
• predator
• all of these

Multiple Choice

Limiting factors are sometimes helpful because they can keep the population from getting too large.

• True
• False

Multiple Choice

What are the likely long-term effects on ecosystems if greenhouse gas emissions combined with human over-exploitation of land continue to increase? 

• no long-term effects on population numbers and species diversity. 
• temporary effects on population numbers and species diversity 
• an increase in population numbers and species diversity 
• a decrease in population numbers and species diversity 

Multiple Choice

Sharks are hunted for their fins for use in shark fin soup, a specialty food item in Asia. Sharks grow slowly and take years to reproduce, which makes them vulnerable to overfishing. If overfishing of sharks is not reduced, sharks may become endangered in the next few years.  What would occur to the Pacific Ocean fish population if their natural predator, sharks, are overfished? 

• overpopulation
• extinction
• migration
• adaptation

Multiple Choice

A food chain contains oak trees (producer), mice (herbivore), black rat snakes (carnivore), and bald eagles (carnivore). If these organisms were placed in an energy pyramid, which organism would be in the energy level with the second-most amount of energy available? 

• Mice
• Oak Trees
• Bald Eagles
• Black Rat Snakes

Multiple Choice

Epiphytes are plants that grow on other plants. They do not harm the plants that they grow on. Instead they obtain what they need for survival from the air and the sun. Some species of orchids like the one pictured above are examples of epiphytes because they grow on tree trunks in tropical rain forests.  Which of the following correctly identifies the relationships between orchids and tropical rain forest trees? 

• mutualism
• commensalism
• parasitism
• predation

Multiple Choice

Oxpeckers are birds that sit on zebras and rhinos and eat ticks and other parasites that live on their skin. The oxpeckers get food and in return the zebras and rhinos get pest control. When there is danger, the oxpeckers fly upward and scream a warning to help the zebras and rhinos.  Which of the following correctly identifies the symbiotic relationship between the oxpeckers and the zebras? 

• parasitism
• commensalism
• mutualism
• competition

Multiple Choice

What's missing from the food web?

• decomposers
• producers
• consumers
• autotrophs

Multiple Choice

According to the food web, which of the following organisms can be classified into more than one trophic level? 

• grasshopper
• owl
• rabbit
• frog

Multiple Choice

What best describes the type of relationship that occurs between grasshoppers and mice? 

• Commensalism
• Predation
• Mutualism
• Competition

Multiple Choice

Which scenario would best allow the long-term survival of a native herbivore in a grassland ecosystem? 

• New producer species immigrates to the ecosystem and increases the diversity of producers. 
• The population size of the herbivore's predators and the grasses they eat remain constant. 
• Humans in the ecosystem reduce the number of predators in the area. 
• A new herbivore that feeds on the same plants immigrates to the ecosystem 

Multiple Choice

The Galapagos Islands were formed from volcanic activity. Which of the following organisms would have been the pioneer species to be observed growing on the islands? 

• moss
• trees
• shrubs
• weeds

Multiple Choice

Animals, such as fiddler crabs, advertise the size of their enlarged claw to intimidate their rivals. This territorial display is an example of what type of relationship?

• predation
• commensalism
• competition
• mutualism

Multiple Choice

Barnacles attach themselves to whales. The whales are so large that they are seemingly unaffected. The barnacles get a habitat and food when the whale enters an area with abundant food resources. What type of relationship exists between the whale and the barnacle?

• mutualism
• commensalism
• parasitism
• predation

Multiple Choice

In which trophic level is the most energy available and most number of organisms?

• Tertiary consumers / Third order heterotrophs

• Secondary consumers / Second order heterotrophs

• Primary consumers / First order heterotrophs

• PRODUCERS

Multiple Choice

In a food chain and food web, the arrows represent

• Direction of Heat transfer

• Direction of Energy transfer

• Direction of Movement between organisms

• Direction of sunlight in an ecosystem

Multiple Choice

The difference between a food chain or food web is

• A food chain shows feeding relationships while a food web does not.

• A food web shows one feeding pathway while a food chain shows many.

• A food chain is a single feeding pathway, while a food web shows interdependence and all feeding relationships.

• A food chain and food web are exactly the same thing.

Multiple Choice

Which feeding roles are correctly defined?

• Herbivore - eats plants/producers

  Carnivore - eats meat/consumers

  Omnivore - eats both producers and consumers

• Herbivore - eats plants/producers

  Carnivore - eats both producers and consumers

  Omnivore - eats meat/consumers

• Herbivore - eats meat/consumers

  Carnivore - eats plants/producers

  Omnivore - eats both producers and consumers

• Herbivore - eats both producers and consumers

  Carnivore - eats meat/consumers

  Omnivore - eats plants/producers

Multiple Choice

The correct order for the levels of ecology from smallest to largest is:

• Organism, community, ecosystem, population, biosphere

• Biosphere, ecosystem, community, population, organism

• Population, community, ecosystem, biosphere, organism

• Organism, population, community, ecosystem, biosphere

Multiple Choice

An ecosystem contains:

• Both living (biotic) and nonliving(abiotic) things in an area

• Only living things (biotic) in a given area

• Only nonliving things (abiotic) in a given area

• A single type of living thing in its environment.

Multiple Choice

Which statement is true?

• A population and a community are the same thing, a community is just bigger.

• A population is all the living organisms in an area and a community includes the abiotic part of the environment as well.

• A population is a group of the same organisms, a community includes all the living and nonliving parts of an environment.

• A population is a group of the same organisms,while a community includes all living things in an area.

Multiple Choice

An organism is

• a group of living things in the same area

• a single living thing

• the zone of life

• a single cell in an organ

Multiple Choice

How much energy is available to the next trophic level?

• 50%

• 40%

• 10%

• 90%