Elements of Style Unit #1 - review

Elements of Style Unit #1 - REVIEW

- run-on sentences and comma splices

- parenthetical expressions

- restrictive vs. non-restrictive clauses

Run-On Sentences

& Comma Splices

Multiple Choice

Is this a complete sentence or a run-on sentence?

”Lola likes all kinds of food.”

• complete sentence

• run-on sentence

Multiple Choice

Is this a complete sentence or a run-on sentence?

”One day her dad brought a jar of salsa it burns her tongue.”

• complete sentence

• run-on sentence

Multiple Choice

Which of the following sentences is correct?

• I drove to Minneapolis, and it took a long time.

• I drove to Minneapolis it took a long time

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a run-on sentence?

• Juan plays the violin, and his sister plays the cello.

• Rita left school early she went to a doctor’s appointment.

• Rita left school early to go to a doctor’s appointment.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a complete sentence?

• Playing soccer.

• Taught us how to do soccer.

• How to play soccer.

• I love playing soccer.

Multiple Select

Which TWO of the following are NOT correct?

• Cassie studied hard for the test she got an A.

• Cassie studied hard for the test. She got an A

• Cassie studied hard for the test; she got an A.

• Cassie studied hard for the test, and she got an A.

• Cassie studied hard for the test, she got an A.

Comma Splices

A comma splice is an error that occurs when a writer attempts to hook two sentences together with a comma but no coordinating conjunction.

FOR EXAMPLE:

”I’m crazy about dogs, Golden Retrievers are my favorite.”

Multiple Choice

The clouds are gathering in the west, it will rain soon.

• This sentence is correct.

• This sentence is NOT correct.

Multiple Choice

In the morning, I always go to buy coffee.

• This sentence is correct.

• This sentence is NOT correct.

How to correct a comma splice

• Make a new sentence by adding a period where the comma was

• Insert a conjunction after the comma, creating a compound sentence

• Use a semicolon to connect the two sentences to show a close connection

Open Ended

Punctuate this sentence correctly, using a period:

I’m crazy about dogs, Golden Retrievers are my favorites.

Open Ended

Punctuate this sentence correctly, using a comma and a coordinating conjunction:

I’m 40, I’m young at heart.

Open Ended

Punctuate this sentence correctly, using a semi-colon:

The clouds are gathering in the west, it will rain soon.

Parenthetical Expressions

Multiple Choice

Which sentence uses the comma correctly?

• Exercising immediately, after a heavy meal, is I think asking for trouble.

• Exercising, immediately after a heavy meal, is I think asking for trouble.

• Exercising immediately after a heavy meal is, I think, asking for trouble.

Multiple Choice

Which sentence uses commas correctly?

• The moral, of the story, is that people should always as a result treat one another with kindness.

• The moral of the story is that people should always, as a result, treat one another with kindness.

• The moral of the story, is that people should always as a result treat one another with kindness.

Multiple Choice

Which sentence uses the commas correctly?

• The problem with making decisions based upon emotion, he argued, is that sound reasoning sometimes gets lost in the process.

• The problem with making decisions based upon emotion he argued is that sound reasoning, sometimes, gets lost in the process.

• The problem with making decisions, based upon emotion he argued is that sound reasoning sometimes gets lost in the process.

Multiple Choice

Which sentence uses commas correctly?

• Flossing every day in the opinion of most dentists, decreases the chances of getting gum disease.

• Flossing every day, in the opinion of most dentists decreases the chances of getting gum disease.

• Flossing every day, in the opinion of most dentists, decreases the chances of getting gum disease.

Multiple Choice

Which sentence uses commas correctly?

• We will have, an early spring, I expect this year.

• We will have an early spring, I expect this year.

• We will have an early spring, I expect, this year.

• We will have, an early spring I expect this year.

Restrictive and non-restrictive clauses

Restrictive elements

Are sometimes called ESSENTIAL elements

Restrictive Elements

• Contain information that is necessary for the reader to identify who or what is being discussed

• Are sometimes called ESSENTIAL elements

• Are NOT set off with commas

• Take the pronoun “that”

Non-Restrictive Elements

• Contain information that’s supplemental (is not necessary for the reader to identify who or what is being discussed)

• Are sometimes called NON-ESSENTIAL elements

• Are always set off by commas

• Take the pronoun “which”

Multiple Choice

The astronaut who first stepped on the moon was Neil Armstrong.

• restrictive clause

• non-restrictive clause

Multiple Choice

Kaylee, who just graduated from high school, is an accomplished figure skater.

• restrictive clause

• non-restrictive clause

Multiple Choice

What does the following sentence suggest?

”The guest lecturer, Kelly Middleton, will address the following question: Would high-speed rail solve America’s transportation problems?”

• There is only one guest lecturer.

• There is more than one guest lecturer.

Multiple Choice

The soft cartilage that makes up sharks’ skeletons dissolves over time.

• restrictive clause

• non-restrictive clause

Multiple Choice

What does the following sentence suggest?

”My brother, Jackson, is at soccer practice.”

• The speaker has one brother

• The speaker has more than one brother.

Multiple Choice

Which sentence is punctuated properly?

• The children who live up the street are quite friendly.

• The children, who live up the street are quite friendly.

• The children who live up the street, are quite friendly.

Multiple Choice

Which sentence is punctuated properly?

• The woman who found my missing purse is now my close friend.

• The woman, who found my missing purse is now my close friend.

• The woman who found my missing purse, is now my close friend.

• The woman, who found my missing purse, is now my close friend.

Multiple Choice

How should you punctuate this sentence?

”Old Chicago is our favorite restaurant which is why we go there often.”

• no commas

• comma after “restaurant”

• change “which” to “that”

Multiple Choice

Which answer choice correctly identifies the underlined phrase and properly explains it?

”The players who are wearing the red uniforms are winning the game.”

• It’s a restrictive clause because if we took it out, we wouldn’t know which players were winning. Thus, there are no commas.

• It’s a non-restrictive clause because the original intent of the sentence wouldn’t change if you took out the clause. Therefore, the writer needs to bracket the clause with commas.

Multiple Choice

Which sentence is correct?

• Would you lend me the book that you recommended to me last week?

• Would you lend me the book, which you recommended to me last week?

• Would you lend me the book which you recommended to me last week?

• Would you lend me the book, that you recommended to me last week?

Multiple Choice

Which sentence is correct?

• Last night, I watched Timothee Chalamet’s new movie which was about zombies from outer space

• Last night, I watched Timothee Chalamet’s new movie, which was about zombies from outer space

• Last night, I watched Timothee Chalamet’s new movie that was about zombies from outer space

• Last night, I watched Timothee Chalamet’s new movie, that was about zombies from outer space